Always say that manufacturers cut corners？ They also fight for a better user experience.
Many users will worry about the workmanship of buying mobile phones. After all, mobile phones are not cheap objects, and the purpose of buying mobile phones is not to disassemble and inspect the workmanship. As an editor who often does disassembly columns, the mobile phone manufacturers who can live to this day are unambiguous in their internal work for the actual user experience. 315 "International Consumer Rights Day" is coming. Today, we will take stock of what efforts manufacturers have made in mobile phone work for user experience.
Whether the protection is in place is the standard to test the internal work of mobile phones.
The internal protective measures of mobile phones are mainly to protect internal components from vibration, dust, water vapor and electromagnetic interference. The precise components in the mobile phone are fixed on the motherboard in the form of soldering, and all the important components on the mobile phone motherboard realize various complex operation instructions on the mobile phone through BTB socket and printed circuit with other components.
Excellent internal workmanship is indispensable for BTB protection.
BTB seats are all equipped with protective mobile phone motherboards.
BTB cradle is the "joint" connecting other components on the mobile phone motherboard, and the fineness of BTB protection can measure the workmanship of a mobile phone to a certain extent. The protection of BTB socket mainly guarantees two points, one is to ensure the connection between BTB socket and other FPC (flexible printed circuit board), and the other is to strengthen the connection between BTB socket and soldering to some extent. Tin is a very active metal, which is prone to oxidation failure, and the protection of BTB ligand slows down the tin oxidation reaction on printed circuits to some extent.
How to prevent dust and water is a big problem.
The selling point of some mobile phones is to promote IP68 dustproof and waterproof, of which 6 is dustproof and 8 is waterproof. Many people think that waterproof and dustproof is just to prevent contact with water and dust, but in fact it is not just that. We should know that the whole mobile phone is not completely closed, and the Type-C interface, SIM card slot and power button are all openings connected with the internal components of the mobile phone.
Waterproof rubber ring in red frame
It is the simplest to set waterproof for SIM card slot, just set waterproof rubber around the card slot, and set a waterproof rubber mold in the middle frame of the mobile phone. The dust-proof and water-proof measures such as earphones and speakers are to set a layer of filter screen around the speaker, and a waterproof rubber is set around the filter screen, so that air can circulate and water can be prevented from entering. At the same time, the speaker and microphone themselves are waterproof, so water entering the speaker will not cause too much harm to the mobile phone.
The waterproof of 3.5mm earphone interface and charger is mainly realized by setting a layer of rubber waterproof inside the mobile phone. At the same time, we should pay attention to that water is easy to remain inside the components, and most of the water contains many impurities. In these key dustproof and waterproof parts, manufacturers will set waterproof coatings.
How to shield electromagnetic interference in a land of land and gold?
Conductive foam for cushioning and shielding electromagnetic interference
The main board of mobile phone is short of land and gold, and the distance between components is very close, which inevitably leads to electromagnetic interference between different components. In order to solve the electromagnetic interference of components, mobile phone manufacturers mainly use shielding cover, copper foil and conductive foam. Many friends don’t quite understand the function of point foam. Conductive foam mainly plays a shielding role, reducing the interference between different components, and at the same time, it can also play a role in buffering and damping.
Waterproof, dustproof, shockproof and reducing electromagnetic interference are only the basis for the normal operation of the mobile phone. The most critical part of the user experience is to give full play to the performance of the mobile phone hardware, which is inseparable from the internal heat dissipation of the mobile phone.
02 heat dissipation is an important consideration for mobile phone workmanship.
The improvement of mobile phone performance brings greater absolute value of heating density; 5G signals require more antennas and also bring heat; Closer arrangement of components; At present, the mainstream glass case ….. all of the above put forward new requirements for the heat dissipation of mobile phones. Mobile phone manufacturers have introduced unique technologies such as graphene heat dissipation, VC vapor chamber and liquid cooling heat dissipation on the basis of the traditional metal middle frame.
Graphene heat dissipation
Graphene heat dissipation is the most widely used heat dissipation technology in mobile phones. Graphene heat dissipation is mainly a heat dissipation technology developed by using the excellent thermal conductivity of graphite crystals. The advantages of graphite crystal as a heat dissipation material are: good high temperature resistance, difficult deformation when heated, strong plasticity and light weight, and the heat dissipation shape can be changed according to requirements.
Graphene heat dissipation
It can be said that the above advantages of graphene can perfectly handle the heat dissipation of mobile phones. The heat dissipation coefficient of graphene is 2 to 5 times that of copper, but the density is only 1/10 to 1/4 of that of copper, which is convenient for the weight control of mobile phones. Graphene is easy to process, and manufacturers can make the shape of graphene according to the heat dissipation size; Graphene can shield electromagnetic waves and solve the problems of heating of mobile phone components and electromagnetic interference inside the mobile phone; At the same time, graphene does not deteriorate with the service life.
Graphene is not only used in smart phones, but also in electronic devices such as tablets, PCs and laptops.
Liquid cooling heat dissipation
Liquid-cooled heat dissipation exists in the mobile phone in the form of heat pipe, which transfers heat by using the changing characteristics of vaporization and liquefaction in the process of liquid heat transfer.
Liquid cooling heat dissipation principle
The working process of liquid cooling heat dissipation is as follows: the condensate is heated into steam → the steam flows to the condensation end under pressure difference → the steam is exothermic and condensed into liquid at the condensation end → the condensate at the condensation end returns to the evaporation end with the help of capillary force of the wick. Water is commonly used as the coolant in liquid cooling heat dissipation of computer, and the requirements of mobile phone are higher than those of PC, and oily materials are commonly used as the coolant.
Inside the red frame is a liquid-cooled radiator tube.
The advantages of liquid cooling heat dissipation are long service life and flexible arrangement. The liquid-cooled radiator tube will not produce mechanical or chemical degradation after permanent packaging, so the typical service life is about 20 years; Liquid-cooled heat dissipation can be placed in any position where heat dissipation is needed, and at the same time, the liquid-cooled heat dissipation pipe will absorb the heat in the distance and then dissipate heat.
VC vapor chamber
The principle of VC vapor chamber is the same as that of liquid-cooled radiator, but VC vapor chamber can radiate heat in four directions, so the heat dissipation effect is better.
The manufacturing process of vapor chamber is that wick structures are arranged in the upper and lower copper bases, and then brazed, filled with cooling liquid and sealed and brazed. Vapor chamber will have different designs according to the size of different components, and the manufacturing process is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high. Generally, VC vapor chamber is mostly used for high-end mobile phones or high-performance mobile phones.
In the red box is VC vapor chamber.
In addition to the above cooling methods, mobile phone manufacturers will also apply silicone grease to the corresponding position of SoC to transfer heat in a fast and direct way. The above heat dissipation does not exist alone in mobile phones, but often appears in combination of various technologies. It can be said that the development of heat dissipation technology has greatly improved the performance of mobile phones.
The heat dissipation technologies mentioned above do not exist singly in the mobile phone, but are often the combination of two, three or even four heat dissipation technologies, which greatly reduce the heat generation of the heavy load of the mobile phone. While mobile phones meet the performance bottleneck, manufacturers have added more structures to improve the user experience.
Differentiated workmanship is only for better user experience.
In the case that the shape of mobile phones has not changed, manufacturers have made great efforts under different structures. Some of these differences are to improve battery life and charging speed, some are to improve the user’s experience, and some are to reuse the internal volume of mobile phones as much as possible.
OPPO dual-cell battery
For example, in order to improve the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, OPPO has a dual-cell battery.In order to achieve higher power fast charging, OPPO found that the safety risk of filling one 4000mAh battery with fast charging technology is much higher than that of filling two 2000mAh batteries. In the safe future, OPPO adopts the dual-cell mode, which can provide the best charging efficiency, and can also use the charge pump to halve the voltage of the dual-cell when discharging, thus obtaining better charging and discharging efficiency.
Real disassembly linear motor
In order to get a more exquisite touch feeling, the current flagship mobile phone is gradually equipped with a linear motor.The principle of linear motor is similar to that of pile driver, which directly converts electric energy into kinetic energy through the linear motion of vibrator. The advantage of linear motor is that it has fast vibration response speed, controllable vibration frequency and amplitude, and can debug complex vibration feedback, but it is bulky, difficult to design, complex to debug and expensive.
Stacked motherboard design
As we all know, the improvement of mobile phone performance and the support for 5G make it inevitable for mobile phones to integrate more and more components. Most manufacturers adopt the scheme of plug-in baseband to increase the area of mobile phone motherboard by 20-30%. Obviously, this is unacceptable for the inside of a mobile phone with an inch of land.Most manufacturers increase the utilization rate of mobile phone motherboards by stacking motherboards.
Write it at the end
The internal work of mobile phones is a huge and complicated project. From the above processes, we can see that the quality user experience brought by mobile phones requires not only the manufacturers to do a good job in the dust-proof, waterproof and shockproof aspects of mobile phones, but also to work hard on heat dissipation and differentiated work, which can be felt by users. It can be said that the mobile phone giants in the market attach great importance to mobile phone work, and the manufacturers have also invested enough money in the work of mobile phones.
(7397743)
Reporting/feedback