Plague, the "No.1 disease" in Class A infectious diseases.

How harmful is the plague? Plague is an acute infectious disease that seriously endangers human life, one of the three major quarantine infectious diseases in the world, and a Class A infectious disease stipulated in the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases.

From 1644 to 1899, the number of plague cases in China reached 1.44 million, and more than 1.37 million people died. From the end of 1910 to March 1911, the biggest plague occurred in modern history of our country. The epidemic first occurred in Manzhouli, and soon spread to Harbin and the whole northeast. More than 60,000 people died.

In the early days of the founding of New China, in July 1949, a plague broke out in Inner Mongolia, and it spread to Zhangjiakou on October 25, with the trend of expanding the epidemic area and spreading to the capital.　

The Party Central Committee quickly established the Central Committee for Epidemic Prevention and the Central Epidemic Prevention Corps, which responded promptly, made scientific decisions, took effective measures, mobilized the masses, put prevention first, and achieved great victory in fighting the plague. New China has withstood the severe test of the first major infectious disease, and this struggle has provided experience and enlightenment for the health and epidemic prevention in new China.

The situation of infectious diseases is grim, which has caused great losses to people’s lives and health in China, and also affected social and economic development. In order to carry out the work policy of putting prevention first, carry out mass health campaigns, and prevent and control epidemics of major infectious diseases such as plague and cholera, in May 1952, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, the "Patriotic Health Campaign" was launched nationwide.

In the struggle to prevent and control infectious diseases and protect people’s lives and health, the older generation of scientists, represented by Ji Shuli, took plague prevention and research as their lifelong career and worked hard all their lives.

Nearly seventy years old, he is still struggling in the front line of health and epidemic prevention.

In the early days of the founding of New China, the establishment of epidemic prevention institutions, represented by the Central Committee for Epidemic Prevention, the Central Epidemic Prevention Corps and provincial and county epidemic prevention stations, opened the prelude to the cause of health and epidemic prevention in New China and made outstanding contributions to the prevention and control of infectious diseases in China.

Xu Jianguo, as a medical microbiologist and academician of China Academy of Engineering, has been closely related to the cause of infectious disease prevention and control in China for more than 40 years. After 2004, in order to meet the challenge of emerging infectious diseases, Academician Xu Jianguo led disease control personnel to establish more than 80 pathogen detection technologies and reagent reserves. Relying on these technologies and talent reserves, they can identify pathogens in time and accurately when an outbreak of unknown causes occurs, and play a decisive role, effectively confronting many epidemics such as human infection with streptococcus suis.

After the founding of New China, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee, China established a strong and effective health anti-epidemic system, which realized government-led, scientific anti-epidemic, national participation, mass prevention and mass treatment, and gradually built a strict anti-epidemic defense line.

Today, China already has a professional team of epidemic prevention who are able to fight well, have high morale, excellent technology, rich experience and dedication all over the country, and actively respond to the challenges of each epidemic. The history of China people’s continuous "anti-epidemic" is the epitome of our country and nation’s growing strength. We should blaze new trails, take the initiative to attack, meet the challenges of emerging infectious diseases that may occur in the future, minimize the harm of infectious diseases, and make contributions to the country’s economic and social development.

In this programme, Xu Jianguo, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, will tell you the story of the struggle of Chinese disease control people.

"Medical Heart to the Party — — The fourth episode of "First Memory" will be broadcast on CCTV-12 "Lifeline" at 12:00 on August 5th, and will be broadcast simultaneously on CCTV, CCTV, Healthy China and other platforms. Please watch.

"Fantastic Heroes" He Yunwei

He Yunwei plays a "pest" who confronts Louis Koo’s peak in Fantastic Heroes.

"Fantastic Heroes" Jing Li was named "Eccentric Brother"

He Yunwei is treacherous and funny in The Fantastic Heroes.

　

　　　　　　　 In the early morning of August 6th, He Yunwei made a statement on his blog, saying that he had officially withdrawn from Deyun Society. Although I don’t know if this has anything to do with Degang Guo’s "personal anger" in recent days, it is certain that the two had become "semi-free" several months ago.

　　　　　　　 In mid-April, they went to the cave for the "Chao" comedy "Fantastic Heroes", which was supervised by Chen Kexin and directed by Gu Dezhao, and had many scenes in the film. According to the crew, when signing contracts with Jing Li and He Yunwei, they didn’t have an agent, and the contract and remuneration were all discussed with them personally. At that time, they were already semi-free. The only request made by the two is that the time of joining the group does not conflict with the performance of Deyun Society, but this "only" request is not completely non-negotiable. "If there is a conflict between the filming and the performance of Deyun Society, it is not impossible to make up a later performance."

　　　　　　　 It is reported that Jing Li and He Yunwei’s performance in "Fantastic Heroes" was well received by Chen Kexin, and Jing Li was "added" by Chen Kexin because of his wonderful performance. This time, they withdrew from Deyun Society, which is likely to be a signal that they "retired from the music world and entered the film and television circle".

Jing Li decorated with two horns and Louis Koo gave him the nickname "Brother Weird".

　　　　　　　 "At first, Li Jinglai was just a guest role, but I didn’t expect it to be played, Jing Li ‘ Mixed ’ Became the protagonist. " Director Gu Dezhao said that when Jing Li came to the crew for the first time, he played the role of a doctor who specializes in "infertility" in the village. "Jing Li’s performance is very hierarchical. I asked him to be obscene, but he raised the performance to ‘ Indecency is underwear, morality is coat ’ Height, all in the name of cure, ask about Louis Koo and Wu Junru ‘ Sexual intercourse ’ . The most creative thing is that Jing Li explained to the two heroes with his two hands ‘ Male and female postures ’ 。”

　　　　　　　 Louis Koo called him "the eccentric elder brother". After watching Jing Li’s performance, producer Chen Kexin thought that this passage "lit up" Fantastic Heroes, so he decided to meet Jing Li again, so he was asked to play the role of "Mr. Sales" in his second visit to the village. At first, Yao Chen was interested in this role.

He Yunwei as "Ant" and Louis Koo "Decisive Battle under the Forbidden City"

　　　　　　　 He Yunwei plays the leader of the "Four Pests" in Fantastic Heroes. During the audition, He Yunwei said humorously that the main reason why he can play the role of "the first pest" is that he has both beauty and wisdom. In the play, the ant played by He Yunwei is the "leader" of all robbers in the Forbidden City, responsible for the layout of robbery lines and the timely handling of unexpected events. The most important scene is to fight against the hero played by Louis Koo "on the top of the Forbidden City". He Yunwei said that the reason why it is "on the top of the Forbidden City" rather than "on the top of the Forbidden City" is mainly because he can’t climb the roof, so the director arranged the decisive battle in "the top of the Forbidden City".

　　Why are Laozi, Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and others all called "Zi"?

　　Is the second stroke of the word "four" horizontally folded or horizontally folded?

　　Is Hanhao bird a bird?

　　… …

　　These questions don’t seem to be problems, but they need to be taken seriously by textbook writers and answered one by one.

　　Textbooks are an important tool for primary and secondary school students to learn, and have been widely concerned by the society. Especially after the textbooks of compulsory education ethics and rule of law, Chinese and history compiled by the Ministry of Education were implemented nationwide in September 2017, the public paid more attention to the textbooks.

　　Recently, China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter visited a number of editors who compiled textbooks to understand the story behind the compilation of textbooks. Many experts mentioned the "artisan spirit" in unison. "To make children like learning and let children like this new set of textbooks, we must be standardized, accurate and rigorous." Chen Xianyun, executive editor-in-chief of primary school Chinese textbooks, said.

　　Every lesson should be taken to the classroom for trial teaching.

　　In recent years, the textbooks of primary and secondary schools in China have emphasized the closeness to the reality of students’ lives. But how to get close?

　　"Ask children if you have a problem." Gao Desheng, executive editor-in-chief of the textbook of ethics and rule of law in primary schools and professor of the Institute of Curriculum Textbooks of East China Normal University, said that this was a "brilliant move" for the compilation by Lu Jie, the chief editor-in-chief of the textbook and a senior professor of Nanjing Normal University. Professor Lu Jie once presided over the development of the curriculum standards of Morality and Life and Morality and Society, and had a deep insight into the teaching materials of compulsory education courses. "Every lesson should be taken to the classroom for trial teaching, which has become a necessary link in the compilation of teaching materials."

　　Gao Desheng remembers that when the first draft of the next textbook in grade three was formed, they were going to try out teaching in primary schools. At that time, it was the lesson "Traffic in All Directions" that was to be tried out. "Professor Lu Jie specially proposed that the lessons with strong urban flavor such as traffic development should be tried out in rural primary schools to see how rural children reacted and whether they could understand it."

　　The trial teaching was arranged in Tongjing Town Central Primary School, Jiangning District, Nanjing. It borders Anhui and is about 50 kilometers away from the main city of Nanjing. At that time, 83-year-old teacher Lu Jie also went to listen to the trial teaching together. They set off at 6: 30 in the morning and arrived at school before the first class started.

　　Although it was hard, it was fruitful. "The whole day’s trial teaching made our revision ideas suddenly clear." Gao Desheng said.

　　"Trial teaching" has almost become a "magic weapon" in the process of compiling and revising the textbooks of the three subjects.

　　Ye Xiaobing, executive editor of the history textbook for compulsory education and professor of the history department of Capital Normal University, remembers that after the seventh grade textbook was finalized, some of it was printed for trial teaching. In a class that tried to teach a hundred schools of thought contend, a student asked, "Why are Laozi, Confucius, Mencius, Mozi and others all called ‘ Son ’ ？” At that time, I was a young teacher. I didn’t expect the students to ask this question at all, so I had to answer, "This is probably the customary name at that time."

　　"Such questions can only arise in the real learning process of students, so such questions should be dispelled in the teaching materials." Ye Xiaobing said, therefore, in the revised textbook, a "related historical event" was added next to the text of this lesson. It was introduced that in the Spring and Autumn Period, Qing and Doctor were generally called "Zi", which was a kind of honorific title; By the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, people used "Zi" to address famous scholars and teachers. In the Warring States period, "Zi" became the honorific title of ordinary scholars.

　　"The compilation of teaching materials should be responsible for the country and the children." Gao Desheng said. And the most difficult thing is the construction of teaching material framework. "On the surface, framing is a technical issue of content distribution, but it is actually an educational issue explored by educational laws." In this process, really approaching students and classrooms is the best way to solve difficult problems.

　　Get out of the misunderstanding that "Hanhao bird is a bird"

　　Many people must remember the story of Hanhao Bird, because it makes people understand the truth that "you can’t be lazy and lazy, and you can’t muddle along".

　　In the past, some stories in children’s books had pictures of a bird flapping its wings and flying. Not many people questioned such a picture.

　　However, does it have to be a bird to be called Hanhao bird? In the process of compiling the textbook, experts never let go of any detail, including illustrations. "In fact, Hanhao Bird is a kind of rodent, whose scientific name is the compound-toothed flying squirrel. Because of its natural fear of cold, it barks day and night, which is commonly known as ‘ Hanhao bird ’ 。” Chen Xianyun said. The writing team searched a lot of data and pictures, and repeatedly communicated with the illustrators. Finally, the appearance characteristics of Hanhao bird were accurately shown in the illustrations of the teaching materials.

　　"Our students and parents are full of curiosity after getting the textbook and seeing Hanhao Bird." Chen Xiangsu, a Chinese teacher in tsinghua university primary school, Beijing, said that many children began to look for information. A parent took their children to do PPT overnight, and the children gave a detailed introduction to their classmates the next day. "Children not only know that they can’t be as ambitious as Hanhao bird, but also know that Hanhao bird is not only a bird, but its feces can also be used as medicine to relieve pain and promote blood circulation."

　　The new textbook clarifies the misunderstanding that people have habitually thought that Hanhao bird is a bird for decades. Chen Xianyun commented that from this small illustration, people can see that "Chinese textbooks not only pay attention to literariness, but also attach great importance to science".

　　Many experts emphasized to the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online that the editing process of this new textbook is to be more scientific and rigorous, to prevent mistakes as much as possible, and to minimize the possibility of misreading.

　　"I have come to Beijing no less than 30 times for this set of Chinese textbooks." Liu Shizhen, an expert in reviewing Chinese textbooks and a professor at Nanjing University, said. Textbook review is divided into thematic review and subject review, in which thematic review solves scientific problems. For example, "We often say ‘ Volcanic eruption ’ After the review, it was changed to a more scientific ‘ Volcanic eruption ’ 。”

　　After solving the scientific problems, we need to conduct disciplinary review, which requires the text to be more in line with the laws and educational characteristics of the Chinese discipline. "For example, an article written by Yang Liwei, Space Day, has no scientific problems, so we must combine the characteristics of primary school Chinese and modify it from the perspective of Chinese." Liu Shizhen said.

　　Find the original source for each historical fact.

　　"We also have a principle in the process of compiling textbooks: all historical materials quoted must be compared with the original source and cannot be sloppy." Ye Xiaobing said.

　　Most of the editors of history textbooks are professors and researchers. In order to make the new textbooks more suitable for teaching, after-school activities are generally designed by middle school teachers with rich teaching experience.

　　In the lesson "The Rule of the Ming Dynasty" in the second volume of the seventh grade, there is a subtitle "Changes in the Imperial Examination", which introduces stereotyped writing for selecting scholars. To this end, middle school teachers designed an after-school activity:

　　Gu Yanwu, a thinker in the Qing Dynasty, said: "The harm of stereotyped writing is equivalent to burning books and ruining talents, which is more than that of those trapped in the suburbs of Xianyang, but there are more than 460 people." Why did Gu Yanwu say that stereotyped writing was more harmful to talents than Qin Shihuang’s burning books and burying Confucianism? Do you agree with his comment?

　　"This activity design comes from previous teaching practice. This passage of Gu Yanwu is often used by teachers in middle school history classroom teaching to explain that stereotyped writing is criticized. " Ye Xiaobing said, but when discussing the first draft of the textbook, some people suggested that this historical material was misused. Gu Yanwu’s original intention was not to criticize stereotyped writing.

　　As a result, textbook writers began to consult a large number of historical materials, and found that this passage was indeed "out of context". This passage comes from Gu Yanwu’s Record of Japanese Knowledge (Volume 16), which was originally intended to criticize the "imaginary topic" for coping with the scientific research at that time. "The rich and powerful families invited celebrities to stay at their home schools, and each of them wrote an article on these dozens of topics, so that their children and the handsome and intelligent slaves could memorize them. Admission proposition, ten to eight, that is, copying the volume with the recorded text. " This practice makes the candidates opportunistic without reading Confucian classics, so Gu Yanwu thinks that there were more than 460 people burning books and burying Confucianism in the Qin Dynasty, but this practice is even more corrupt for talents, and this practice of reciting only simulated test questions should be abolished.

　　After finding out Gu Yanwu’s original intention, the textbook editor deleted the original activity design and redesigned the after-school activities.

　　This method of textual research, inquiry and tracing appears not only in the history discipline, but also in other disciplines in the process of compiling unified textbooks.

　　I believe many people still remember that primary school Chinese once learned a text entitled "I don’t forget to dig wells when I am drinking water".

　　This is an old text that has been used for many years, and its source is not very clear. The first time it was incorporated into the textbook was the second volume of "Chinese in Primary School Textbook (Five-year Consistent System)" published by People’s Education Society in 1952, entitled "People who don’t forget to dig wells after drinking water".

　　Chen Xianyun introduced that in the process of compiling this textbook, in order to find the "source" of this classic text, the writers searched several times and found several versions with similar topics, including a poem entitled "People who Dig Wells when Draught" and a short article entitled "People who Dig Wells when Draught". However, these poems or essays have a low similarity with the selected texts. Finally, we found a photocopy of People’s Daily on October 12, 1951 in the National Library, in which the headline news was Our Great Motherland, with a high degree of overlap between the text and the text, and finally found the original source of The Digger Who Never Forgets to Draw Water.

　　Maybe someone will ask, is it necessary to go to so much trouble for a text?

　　"Inaccuracy is prone to controversy." Chen Xianyun said that because teaching materials are the model for children to learn, rigor and accuracy should be the most basic attitude when compiling teaching materials. "We should investigate all doubts and doubts.".

　　"It is much more difficult to compile primary and secondary school textbooks than to compile university textbooks." Professor Han Zhen, an expert on textbook compilation, said that primary and secondary school students are young, so there are too many factors to consider in compiling textbooks for primary and secondary schools.

　　According to the relevant person in charge of the Textbook Bureau of the Ministry of Education, a huge compiling team of more than 140 people has been set up, and there are as many as 116 review experts. Hundreds of outstanding experts in various fields have spent five years consulting materials, repeatedly scrutinizing and entering the classroom, just to carve out the most suitable textbooks for children in China.

CCTV News:Yesterday (September 17th), the Three Gorges Group announced that the offshore wind farm with the largest single unit capacity in the world — — Full-capacity grid-connected power generation of Fujian Pingtan offshore wind farm.

Fujian Pingtan offshore wind farm is about 35 kilometers offshore and the water depth is about 40 meters. A total of 11 offshore wind turbines have been built in the wind farm, including the 16 MW offshore wind turbine with the largest single unit capacity in the world, with a total installed capacity of 111 MW.

After the project is fully put into operation, the annual on-grid electricity consumption is about 360 million kWh, which can replace 103,800 tons of standard coal every year and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by about 283,800 tons.

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　　Prospect of Dasher Gandhi Sewage Treatment Plant in Bangladesh. Deng Junheng

　　A data center in Ghana, Africa invested by Silk Road Fund. The data center is partially powered by photovoltaic. Photo courtesy of Paul Frankish

　　On April 13th, China-Laos Railway, which was mainly invested and built by China, opened international passenger trains from Kunming South Station in China and Vientiane Station in Laos in both directions, and the two places can be reached on the same day by train. The picture shows Lao staff performing for passengers on the train. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xing Guangli photo

　　Responsible for Kaileta, Guinea — Chinese and Guinean employees of the Su-Apithy Operation and Maintenance Project are carrying out survey work on the dam of Kaileta Hydropower Station. Both Kailetai and Su Apithy Hydropower Stations are financed by The Export-Import Bank of China and undertaken by China Water Conservancy and Electric Power Foreign Co., Ltd. Photo by Lu Zhao

　　The teaching, research and referral hospital project of Kenyatta University, supported by preferential loans provided by the government of China and undertaken by Jiangxi, China International Economic and Technical Cooperation Co., Ltd. Photo by Elijah

　　Priority section project of Heishan North-South Expressway supported by The Export-Import Bank of China and undertaken by China Road and Bridge Engineering Co., Ltd. Photo by Lu Xiaochao

　　Financing is an important support for building the "Belt and Road". Most of the countries building the "Belt and Road" are developing countries, and some countries have gaps in construction funds. The financing bottleneck is a prominent challenge to achieve interconnection. Over the past 10 years since the initiative of "Building the Belt and Road" was put forward, China has actively carried out various forms of financial cooperation with countries and relevant institutions, promoted the network layout of financial institutions and financial services, provided strong support for financial cooperation among countries, and also provided a sustainable and powerful impetus for building the "Belt and Road".

　　Investment and financing promote the sustainable development of national economy and society.

　　On October 2nd, in Indonesia, the Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway EMU, which was financed by China National Development Bank and jointly built by China and Indonesia, was officially opened. Indonesian President Joko said on his first trip to Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway that he felt very smooth and comfortable when the train was running at 350 kilometers per hour. As the flagship project of "One Belt, One Road" cooperation between China and Indonesia, after the official commercial operation of Jakarta-Bandung High-speed Railway, the fastest travel time between Jakarta and Bandung will be reduced from 3.5 hours to 40 minutes, which will bring convenience to people and further release the local economic development potential.

　　On July 13th, in Bangladesh, the completion ceremony was held for the Dasher Gandhi Sewage Treatment Plant project, which was provided with preferential loans by the government of China, financed by The Export-Import Bank of China and jointly built by China and Bangladesh. The project is the first modern large-scale sewage treatment plant in the country and the largest single sewage treatment plant in South Asia so far. As a key project under the framework of "One Belt, One Road" jointly built by China and Bangladesh, the project can treat the domestic sewage of 5 million residents in Dhaka, greatly improving the quality of life of local people. Bangladeshi Prime Minister Hasina said that a sustainable and high-quality modern sewage treatment system is essential for the long-term stability of urban water supply.

　　… … … …

　　In the past 10 years, the two-way investment between China and the co-construction countries has accumulated more than 380 billion US dollars, and more than 3,000 cooperation projects have been carried out to jointly build the "Belt and Road", which has boosted the investment scale of nearly one trillion US dollars. From carlot Hydropower Station in Pakistan to the first garbage power generation project in Bangkok, Thailand; From Abuja Metro Phase I Project in Nigeria to Boccara International Airport in Nepal … … With the support of Chinese investment and financing, many infrastructure, capacity cooperation and eco-environmental protection projects have taken root in building a country together, injecting vitality into the sustainable development of local economy and society and becoming "national landmarks", "livelihood projects" and "cooperation monuments".

　　As a pioneer and an important participant in the Belt and Road Initiative, China has provided important financing support for the high-quality co-construction of the Belt and Road Initiative. Taking China National Development Bank and The Export-Import Bank of China as examples, by the end of 2022, China National Development Bank had directly provided high-quality financial services for more than 1,300 Belt and Road projects, effectively playing the leading role of development finance, bringing together domestic and foreign funds to jointly build the Belt and Road; The balance of The Export-Import Bank of China’s "Belt and Road" loans reached 2.2 trillion yuan equivalent, covering more than 130 co-construction countries. The loan projects have accumulated more than 400 billion US dollars of investment and promoted more than 2 trillion US dollars of trade.

　　The Kenyan Monnet Railway, financed and built by the Chinese side, has driven the local economy to develop continuously, creating tens of thousands of jobs directly and indirectly. Stephen Ndegewa, head of the Kenyan South-South Cooperation Think Tank, said that all the financing loans provided by China to African countries were used to implement specific projects, which really benefited the local people.

　　The space for financial cooperation is expanding in depth.

　　Over the past 10 years, the Silk Road Fund funded by China and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank established by China together with relevant countries have provided investment and financing support for hundreds of projects. The investment and financing channels for building the "Belt and Road" have been continuously broadened, the financial service system has been continuously improved, the supply of financial services has been continuously optimized, the investment and financing system and mechanism have been steadily innovated, the space for financial cooperation has been expanded in depth, and a diversified investment and financing system has been gradually established.

　　At present, the number of members of the AIIB has increased from 57 when it was founded to 109, from all over the world. As of October 10th this year, the AIIB has approved a total of 236 projects, with a total approved financing of over US$ 45 billion, driving capital of nearly US$ 150 billion, benefiting 36 members within and outside Asia, becoming a key member of the international multilateral governance system and an important financing platform to promote international development and jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality; Silk Road Fund provides important support for the investment and financing of the "Belt and Road" through a variety of investment and financing methods based on equity. By the end of June 2023, investment projects had spread to more than 60 countries and regions, and 75 investment projects had been signed, with a promised investment amount of about 22.04 billion US dollars; China signed a memorandum of cooperation with the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank and other international financial institutions, and jointly established a multilateral development and financing cooperation center with multilateral development banks, which effectively promoted the participation of market funds and gathered more capital dividends for the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" … …

　　In Tajikistan, key projects such as the municipal road and overpass construction project in Dushanbe, the highway modernization project from Dushanbe to neighboring Uzbekistan, and the Nurek hydropower station project have been comprehensively promoted due to the loan from the AIIB. Sevolo Safarov, former first deputy director of the Tajikistan President’s Strategic Research Center, said that the investment and financing projects of the AIIB directly target the weak links of infrastructure, which is conducive to stimulating local development vitality. "These projects have improved the living standards of local people and changed the country."

　　In the United Arab Emirates, Silk Road Fund participates in the investment of 700 MW photothermal and 250 MW photovoltaic solar power station projects in Dubai through cooperation with Dubai Hydropower Bureau and Saudi International Power and Water Company. After the project is fully put into production, it will provide clean electricity for 320,000 households. The relevant person in charge of Saudi International Power and Water Company said that the company and Silk Road Fund have been actively promoting multilateral cooperation. In November 2018, the two sides jointly invested and established a new energy investment cooperation platform, which provided strong support for many green energy projects such as wind power, photovoltaic and photothermal in West Asia and North Africa, and promoted the green development of countries and regions that jointly built the "Belt and Road".

　　In Nigeria, the third phase of the African Infrastructure Investment Fund (AIIF3), in which Silk Road Fund participated, provided financial support for Nigeria’s clean energy service platform. The platform provided clean energy solutions for business users by improving energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies, which is of great significance to countries with huge power supply needs such as Nigeria. At present, the platform business has expanded from Nigeria to many countries in Africa. Paul Frankish, head of investor relations at AIIF3, said: "The cooperation between Silk Road Fund and us is mutually beneficial and win-win. Both sides share the same investment philosophy, which will enable cooperation to provide more support for the future development of African countries."

　　Enhance the ability to jointly build national financial services.

　　Some major infrastructure projects planned to jointly build the "Belt and Road" countries have a large amount of money and a long term, involving many parties or even multinational entities, which is difficult for a single commercial bank in many emerging market countries to undertake completely alone.

　　As one of the results of the first Belt and Road International Cooperation Summit Forum, under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China, China Industrial and Commercial Bank initiated the establishment of the Belt and Road Inter-bank Normalization Cooperation Mechanism (BRBR Mechanism) to provide support for optimizing the financial supply structure, enhancing the national financial service capacity and promoting the international cooperation. Through this mechanism, member institutions can give full play to their respective advantages and form a joint force to jointly meet the needs of large-scale investment and financing.

　　In terms of investment and financing, the BRBR mechanism gives full play to the advantages of multilateral financial governance and mutually beneficial cooperation platforms, and promotes a large number of key projects to jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative to bear fruit. The renovation and capacity expansion project of Luasim Hydropower Station in Angola has brought clean energy to the local area, effectively alleviating the power shortage; The floating LNG project in kolar, Mozambique, has helped Mozambique become an LNG exporter … … The projects that benefit the people’s livelihood have improved the sense of gain and happiness of the people who build the country together.

　　In terms of capital market, ICBC and members of the BRBR mechanism have successfully issued seven BRBR green bonds, raising more than 14 billion US dollars, and actively playing the role of debt capital market in resource allocation in supporting the "Belt and Road" construction.

　　In terms of theoretical research and standard rules, the BRBR mechanism has published many research results, such as "Research Report on the Belt and Road Green Finance (Investment) Index" and "Research Report on Financial Information Disclosure in Transition", which provides important reference indicators and excellent practical experience for the investment decision of building the Belt and Road.

　　At the same time, the BRBR mechanism held a number of capacity-building and special training activities to strengthen capacity-building and rally consensus among members. By the end of September, 2023, the BRBR mechanism had been extended to 164 member and observer institutions in 71 countries and regions, which effectively promoted the open business interaction, symmetrical information exchange and effective allocation of funds among financial institutions in countries that jointly built the Belt and Road Initiative, and jointly improved their business capability and risk management level.

　　In the past 10 years, the financial cooperation mechanism for building the "Belt and Road" has become increasingly sound, and the ability to finance has been further improved. China, together with relevant parties, formulated the Guiding Principles for the Belt and Road Financing and issued the Analysis Framework for the Sustainability of the Belt and Road Debt, which provides guidance for the joint construction of the Belt and Road financing cooperation. China has signed bilateral local currency swap agreements with 20 co-construction countries, and established RMB clearing arrangements in 17 co-construction countries. The number of participants, business volume and influence of RMB cross-border payment system have gradually increased, and the scale of local currency swap and cross-border settlement has continued to expand, effectively promoting trade and investment facilitation. At the same time, the financial supervision cooperation between China and the Co-construction countries has been continuously strengthened, a regional efficient supervision coordination mechanism has been established, the framework of financial crisis management and disposal has been improved, and the ability to jointly cope with financial risks has been improved.

CCTV News:The General Administration of Customs recently announced that, according to the relevant laws and regulations of China and the regulations of the General Administration of Customs of China and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Resources of the Republic of Serbia on the plant quarantine requirements for Serbian fresh blueberries exported to China, Serbian fresh blueberries that meet the relevant requirements will be allowed to be imported from May 9.

According to the regulations of the General Administration of Customs of China and the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture on the quarantine requirements of Hungarian fresh cherries exported to China, the Hungarian fresh cherries that meet the relevant requirements will be allowed to be imported from May 10th.　

China — The demonstration zone of economic and trade cooperation between Central and Eastern European countries and Serbia achieved an import and export volume of over 400 million yuan in the first quarter.

According to customs statistics, in the first quarter of this year, Ningbo China — The demonstration zone of economic and trade cooperation between Central and Eastern European countries and Serbia achieved an import and export volume of 420 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 40.5%. Among them, imports were 71.353 million yuan and exports were 350 million yuan, up 289.8% and 24.4% respectively.

Since its unveiling in 2018, Ningbo China — The economic and trade cooperation demonstration zone of Central and Eastern European countries has achieved a total import and export volume of 5.04 billion yuan with Serbia, with an average annual growth rate of 32%.

　　"I’m going back to my hometown for the New Year!"

　　At 00: 02 a.m. on January 14th, the K4159 train slowly left Beijing West Railway Station, and the first passenger train in Beijing, Spring Festival travel rush officially set off in 2025.

　　The 40-day Spring Festival travel rush 2025 also officially kicked off. According to the data of the comprehensive transportation Spring Festival travel rush working class in 2025, it is estimated that on January 14th, 2025 (the first day of Spring Festival travel rush, the 15th day of the twelfth lunar month), the cross-regional mobility of the whole society will be 172.39 million, including 10.3 million railway passengers and 159.52 million highway passengers (131.7 million non-operating passenger cars and 27.82 million highway passengers).

　　The annual Spring Festival travel rush bears Chinese’s deep homesickness and rich emotional memories. What are the new changes in Spring Festival travel rush this year compared with the past?

　　9 billion passengers, passenger flow is expected to hit a record high.

　　According to the forecast of the Ministry of Transport and other departments, the cross-regional mobility of the whole society in Spring Festival travel rush will reach 9 billion person-times this year, which is about 7% higher than that in Spring Festival travel rush in 2024. The passenger traffic of railways and civil aviation is expected to exceed 510 million and 90 million respectively, both hitting record highs. Before and after the 8-day Spring Festival holiday, four kinds of passenger flows, such as students, workers, visiting relatives and tourists, are intertwined, and the passenger flow concentration is high.

　　As the "main force" of Spring Festival travel rush, the railway goes all out to improve its transport capacity. Zhu Wenzhong, head of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd. Passenger Transport Department, said that the railway will arrange more than 14,000 passenger trains every day, with an increase of about 500,000 seats every day, and the passenger capacity will increase by about 4% year-on-year, so as to fully protect the travel needs of the majority of passengers.

　　In terms of air transport, there will be about 18,500 daily flights in Spring Festival travel rush in 2025, an increase of 8.4% year-on-year. Qing Xu, director of the Transportation Department of the Civil Aviation Administration of China, said that among the major international hub airports, the planned volume of two flights in Beijing increased by more than 5%, and the planned volume of two flights in Shanghai and Chengdu also increased to some extent.

　　The highway plays an important role of "covering the bottom" and will dynamically allocate passenger lines. It is estimated that during the period of Spring Festival travel rush, the average daily traffic of expressways in China will be about 38.5 million, which is about 0.5% higher than that of Spring Festival travel rush in 2024. The whole Spring Festival travel rush traffic peak is expected to appear on the penultimate day of the Spring Festival holiday, that is, February 3rd (the sixth day of the first month).

　　In terms of water transport, the passenger ro-ro transport in Qiongzhou Strait of Spring Festival travel rush attracts much attention every year. It is estimated that during the period of Spring Festival travel rush this year, the transportation of people and vehicles entering and leaving the island will continue to grow. Before the holiday, people mainly enter the island, and the peak time is expected to appear on the 24th to 28th of the twelfth lunar month. After the holiday, the return trip to the outlying islands is highly concentrated, and the peak time is expected to appear on the 4th to 10th day of the first month, and the peak traffic volume is 2-3 times of the usual daily average traffic volume.

　　Science and technology escort, ticket purchase is convenient to a new level

　　Small tickets are the concern of thousands of homecoming people. According to Railway 12306, since Spring Festival travel rush tickets were sold on December 31, 2024, by 16: 00 on the 12th, 75.74 million tickets had been sold during Spring Festival travel rush.

　　Passengers who have bought this year’s Spring Festival travel rush train tickets can easily find that there are many new functions on the railway 12306. In December, 2024, the mobile phone client of Railway 12306 launched the booking service for students and migrant workers. Through the "booking service" area, eligible passengers can book round-trip tickets for Spring Festival travel rush in 2025.

　　In addition, Railway 12306 has also set up a special area of "Optimizing the Pre-filling of Ticket Information", and launched the function of "System Automatically Submitting Ticket Orders" on the basis of pre-filling of ticket information in the long-distance section ticket sales of trains from stations in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong provinces to stations in Sichuan and Chongqing.

　　New hardware, new railway lines and new equipment.

　　Ticket sales are changing, and transportation capacity is also changing. In addition to the software, the hardware facilities of the railway system are also updated simultaneously.

　　New railway lines and new equipment appear. This year, Spring Festival travel rush has newly opened high-speed rail lines such as Husu Lake and Jidayuan, which will play an important supporting role in key areas such as Beijing and Shanghai. Before Spring Festival travel rush, 185 sets of newly-built Fuxing EMUs with a speed of 350km/h were put into use, which provided mobile equipment support and support for Spring Festival travel rush.

　　Capacity will be increased in key areas and peak hours. Before the festival, in Beijing, Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou, Guangzhou-Shenzhen and other areas with concentrated passenger flow, 1,724 pairs of long-distance passenger trains were arranged daily, an increase of 64 pairs year-on-year; At the peak of passenger flow, 329 pairs of long-distance high-speed trains were arranged at night, an increase of 38 pairs over the same period of last year.

　　After the holiday, in Chengdu-Chongqing, Wuhan, Nanchang, Hunan and other areas with concentrated passenger flow, 871 pairs of long-distance passenger trains were arranged every day, an increase of 46 pairs over the same period of last year; At the peak of passenger flow, 170 pairs of long-distance high-speed trains were arranged at night, an increase of 31 pairs.

　　Driving home by car, the service area basically achieves full coverage of charging facilities.

　　According to a recent press conference held by the State Council Office, Spring Festival travel rush’s self-driving travel will remain the dominant position this year, which is expected to reach 7.2 billion person-times, accounting for about 80% of the cross-regional mobility of the whole society, and the traffic volume on expressways will peak in a single day or hit a record high.

　　In recent years, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly, and more and more new energy vehicles can be seen on the way home. Will Spring Festival travel rush’s highway charging piles be enough this year? According to Gao Bo, head of the Transportation Service Department of the Ministry of Transport, the proportion of expressway service areas with charging facilities in China has increased from 85% at the end of 2023 to 97%. Except for a few high-altitude service areas, it has basically achieved full coverage.

　　In order to ensure the charging service along the highway, on the one hand, the transportation department guides all localities to speed up the construction of charging infrastructure along the highway, on the other hand, it establishes a dispatching guarantee mechanism for the busy charging service area of the expressway on major holidays to meet the charging demand of new energy vehicles to the greatest extent. For example, in accelerating the application of fast charging and high-power facilities, fast charging facilities of 120 kW and above are widely used in expressway service areas all over the country, and 600-800 kW super charging stations have been built in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Guangdong and other provinces to meet the demand of short-term fast charging as much as possible.

　　"The bus is getting faster and the station is getting new, but my favorite is always the way home." The curtain of Spring Festival travel rush is opened, and a steaming "flowing epic" is reopened. I wish you a pleasant journey!

CCTV News:On the evening of January 21st, eight units including Shanghai Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Management Committee, Shanghai Housing Management Bureau and Shanghai Planning and Resources Bureau jointly issued the Opinions on Promoting the Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market in this Municipality (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"). The opinion contains ten measures, among which it is proposed that "if the husband and wife are divorced, if either party purchases commercial housing within three years from the date of divorce, the number of housing units owned by them shall be calculated according to the total number of families before divorce". The Opinions will be implemented as of January 22, 2021.

The policy is stricter.

Recently, there are signs of warming in the Shanghai property market. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, in December 2020, the price of new commercial housing in Shanghai rose by 0.2% month-on-month; The price of second-hand houses rose by 0.6% month-on-month. According to Anjuke data, the average price of second-hand houses in Shanghai in December 2020 was 52,530 yuan per square meter, and in January this year, the average price of second-hand houses was 52,684 yuan per square meter. The price of new houses in Shanghai is also increasing. In January 2021, the average price was 52,218 yuan per square meter, up 1.86% from the previous month.

In the face of rising housing prices, some people have tried to bypass the property purchase restriction policy through "fake divorce" to obtain the qualification of buying a house or reduce the down payment ratio of buying a house. In view of this "loophole", some cities have issued relevant policies in 2020. For example, in July 2020, seven departments in Nanjing jointly issued the "Notice on Promoting the Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market in Our City", which stated that "if the husband and wife are divorced, if either party purchases commercial housing within 2 years from the date of divorce, the number of housing units owned by them shall be calculated according to the total number of households before divorce." According to industry insiders, Shanghai’s move to strictly block "fake divorce" to buy a house will have a direct deterrent effect on those who want to obtain the qualification to buy a house and the first set of qualifications through "fake divorce". Some cities stipulate that the number of houses within two years of divorce is calculated according to the total number of houses before divorce, while Shanghai is upgraded to three years, which highlights the stricter policy.

Zhang Bo, dean of the branch of 58 Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute, said that the promulgation of the "Opinions" can be regarded as a rapid response to the recent irrational rise in the Shanghai property market. Some insiders also analyzed that if the irrational sentiment in the market has not been effectively alleviated after the implementation of the Opinions, it is expected that there will be continuous policy follow-up in the future.

Strictly regulate the real estate market

In addition to the provision that the number of houses within three years after divorce is calculated according to the total number of houses before divorce, in order to implement the national requirements on the regulation of the real estate market, the Opinions also made detailed provisions in other aspects.

The "Opinions" adjust the period of VAT exemption, emphasizing that the period of VAT exemption for individual housing sales will be increased from 2 years to 5 years. This also means that if an individual sells a non-ordinary house that has been purchased for more than five years (including five years), the value-added tax will be levied according to the difference between his sales income and the purchase price; Individuals who sell ordinary houses that have been purchased for more than 5 years (including 5 years) are exempt from value-added tax. This regulation or restriction of real estate speculation, raising the tax of transaction links can effectively reduce the new investment demand, but it will also limit and reduce the liquidity of second-hand housing accordingly.

In order to strictly manage the sales of commercial housing. The Opinions call for strict implementation of various management systems such as "one-price settlement" and "real-name registration system" for the sale of commercial housing. We will improve the system of notarization and lottery selection for newly-built commercial housing, and give priority to meeting the demand of self-occupied housing purchase for families without housing. Strengthen the supervision of pre-sale funds and protect the legitimate rights and interests of buyers. The requirement of "clear price at one price" in the Opinions can prevent real estate enterprises from charging illegal fees, such as renovation and parking spaces, and the requirement of "real-name registration system" can also effectively prevent some people from speculating and improperly transferring the qualification for purchasing houses in order to gain benefits.

In addition, the Opinions also require strict implementation of differentiated housing credit policies. We will manage the concentration of real estate loans, strengthen the prudent management of personal housing loans, guide commercial banks to strictly control the pace and growth rate of personal housing loans, and prevent sudden lending. Guide commercial banks to further strengthen the management of loan review, and strengthen the verification of the source of down payment funds and debt-to-income ratio of buyers. Strictly guard against the illegal inflow of funds such as credit loans, consumer loans and business loans into the real estate market.