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　　On December 12, a note with the suspected Nanjing Lukou International Airport at the airport pick-up was marked."Please come back from Chengdu, Sichuan Province"The photos of ""were circulated on the Internet, which caused a heated discussion among many netizens.

　　However, passengers disembarked at Nanjing Lukou International Airport on the 12th said that the contents displayed on the signboard were as follows"Passengers from Pidu District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province are invited to declare and register here."It’s not "please come back from Chengdu, Sichuan Province" circulated on the Internet.

　　Airport response: Public security has been involved in the investigation.

　　According to the staff of Lukou Airport, they have received many calls asking about the billboard. The staff introduced that they did set up a signboard at the airport in response to the COVID-19 epidemic.However, the content is to let passengers from Pidu District of Chengdu register themselves.In fact, the English below that picture is our original text. To be precise, this prank picture is still a semi-finished product.

　　In this regard, the official Weibo of Nanjing Lukou International Airport issued a rumor statement ↓

　　Many netizens are speechless about this matter:

　　Frequent rumors during the epidemic need to be vigilant.

　　Recently, confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected persons have appeared sporadically in some areas of COVID-19, and prevention and control of epidemic situation is still the top priority of all work. However, there are always individuals who deliberately fabricate and spread rumors, causing certain social panic. The following rumors have been refuted, please pay attention to ↓ ↓ ↓

　　Rumor: Chengdu Jianfang Hospital?

　　Due to the recent outbreak of COVID-19 in Chengdu, the news of "Memory Building Shelter Hospital in the Eastern Suburb of Chengdu" was circulated on the Internet.

　　Truth:In the memory park in the eastern suburbs of Chengdu,Rows of white tents are actually temporary tents built for the "China Sichuan First International Live E-commerce Festival".. The on-site staff said that the live e-commerce festival has not been cancelled at present, and the epidemic prevention work in the park is being carried out in an orderly manner.

　　Rumor: Wawushan in Sichuan does not accept Chengdu tourists?

　　Recently, with the emergence of the epidemic in Chengdu, rumors spread on the Internet that Sichuan Hongya Wawu Mountain Scenic Area suspended its reception of Chengdu tourists.

　　A screenshot of online chat shows, "From now on, Hongya Wawu Mountain Scenic Area will suspend the reception of Chengdu tourists (based on the ID card address)", and said that Chengdu tourists who have already visited have been rejected.

　　Truth:In response to the above rumors, the relevant person in charge of Wawushan responded that this is a rumor, and Wawushan is still in normal business. On December 12, Wawushan had received more than 4,000 tourists. For Chengdu tourists from non-medium and high-risk areas, they are still normally received.butVisitors from high-risk areas can enter the park after providing negative proof of nucleic acid test for nearly 7 days according to the requirements of epidemic prevention and control.

　　Rumor: Is the nucleic acid test positive for imported frozen meat from a supermarket in Laibin?

　　"Wal-Mart’s general warehouse distribution was closed due to positive nucleic acid test, so don’t go to Wal-Mart and any supermarkets with foreign investment background in the near future, and don’t touch the supermarket freezer ….." Recently, a guest netizen posted such information on the local WeChat group, which caused widespread concern.

　　Truth:The Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Xingbin District of Laibin City sent people to Wal-Mart Guizhong Avenue Store on December 9 to do nucleic acid sampling on cold chain imported meat products.On the same day, the samples were sent to Laibin CDC, and the nucleic acid test results were negative.In addition, from November 24 th to December 9 th, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xingbin District of Laibin CityThe cold chain imported meat products from Wal-Mart Guizhong Avenue Store were sampled, and the test results were all negative.Law enforcement officials said that imported cold chain foods can only be sold out of the warehouse after local nucleic acid testing and the test results are negative.

Don’t believe in rumors and spread them.

Pay more attention to official developments during epidemic prevention and control.

Don’t trust gossip

Resolutely put an end to the wanton dissemination of false information

　　　　　　 An analysis of Ren Zhiqiang’s values towards the younger generation of entrepreneurs

　　　　 Young people should make up their minds first, so as not to waste their youth.

　　　　 When we are near the age of 60, it is precisely youth that is particularly precious. It is precisely the time that slips away from us and can never be recovered. We will never be able to return to the post-80 s age and reshape our experience.

　　　　 First, we are all very poor people.

　　 　　Before the reform and opening up, China was very poor, and on average, almost all of them were poor at the starting line. It was Deng Xiaoping who got China out of a stagnant pool. With life, the reform and re-division of labor at that time made different people take different paths.

　　 　　Before the post-80s age, our generation didn’t have a life orientation, but they never lost their determination to "save the country". Perhaps the "red" education experienced by this generation made almost all people never have the illusion of personal wealth, and only the spirit of sacrificing for the country gave them the fearless impulse of the Cultural Revolution. It is precisely this determination and unremitting struggle spirit of "taking the world as one’s own responsibility" that makes the difference between their different development paths and different status quo.

　　 　　When we entered our thirties, it coincided with the process of reform transferring from rural areas to cities. The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee liberated the rural labor force, but it has not solved the employment problem of a large number of unemployed young people in cities. The original state-owned system and collective system simply can’t meet a large number of employment needs, and the social services of urban "five difficulties" can’t meet the basic needs of urban life. Encouraging entrepreneurship and supporting self-entrepreneurship with preferential policies have become a trend in society. Opportunities are everywhere, but there are still a few people who can seize the opportunity, dare to seize the opportunity and strive to seize the opportunity.

　　 　　I have been engaged in the entrepreneurial process of dozens of cross-industry workshop-style small enterprises, during which I have a lot of aftertaste, from the processing and export of rabbit skins, the production of Rubik’s Cube, the transportation of containers, the mailing of books, the operation of small shops to the dispatch of hourly workers in rural areas, the beating of typewriters and printing, binding, tailoring shops, home appliance maintenance, animal models, automobile maintenance, tapestry weaving to opening restaurants, selling fruits, selling cabbages and running offices.

　　 　　At three or four o’clock in the morning, I get up and make a fire to fry oil cakes. Each oil cake costs three or five cents, and the consumption of two bags of noodles for breakfast is only a few tens of yuan. At night, when I count steel shovel, I often fight. A confused person will spill the ten pennies that have just been stacked all over the floor, and I have to look around and stack them again. A month later, a restaurant with more than 300 square meters and dozens of laborers will have a profit of less than 3,000 yuan. In the thirties, our monthly salary is only tens of yuan, and the bonus is only six yuan a month. And all this has never affected our confidence in starting a business. Poverty can make us hard, but poverty can’t affect our fighting spirit. "Being poor but not short-minded" has long been dissolved into our blood from the words and deeds of the older generation.

　　 　　Second, create your own path.

　　 　　We never hate the poor, but we hate poverty. Communist party’s aim is to "wipe out" all the poor people in the world and make everyone rich. We often help the poor, but we will never help those who become poor because of laziness and lack of effort. Because we have also walked through poverty and made our own way where there is no road.

　　　　 　It is a leap from selling apples and cabbages to reversing video recorders. Most people share the price difference caused by the logistics transfer after the reform and opening up from the circulation field. Like the traditional Silk Road, the initial trading and business started by taking advantage of the geographical difference between the north and the south and the opening of pilot cities in the early stage of the reform in the south, and it also changed from petty cash trading to bank credit and transfer. We chartered a military plane to transport goods, from bicycles to motorcycles and then to cars.

　　 　　From toddler to running, almost no one will not stumble, no one will be smooth sailing, and most of those enterprises that started to expand too smoothly are mostly gone today.

　　 　　Huayuan, Sitong and Lenovo are almost all generations that appeared in the market at the same time, while more well-known enterprises at that time went away in the big waves and never returned. The difference lies in going their own way or catching up with others’ ass. Mr. Qi Baishi said that "those who learn from me live like me die", which is intended to learn the spirit and soul, and is by no means a similar copy.

　　 　　The transition from planned economy to market economy is not an easy task, especially for those of us who once left only a large number of remnants of planned economy. It is even more difficult to completely change everything in the past. However, we made a student movement and hit the authoritative leaders (perhaps wrongly). We climbed the mountain, got off the village, plowed the fields and planted grain with the wave of Chairman Mao’s hand, served as a soldier and carried a gun in the People’s Liberation Army in Cye.com.cn, and went to school and stayed abroad after resuming the college entrance examination. Some of them went to prison and hit the wall in the reform, but they still got up and groped again in the fall. These experiences and tribulations have just created their iron bones and muscles and iron will, and they have embarked on a road for China to cross the river by feeling the stones.

　　 　　China’s reform chose to touch the stone passively from no road, and explored in the unknown way of crossing the river. Countless martyrs exchanged their blood and lives for the establishment of a new China. Similarly, countless later generations have become pioneers in seeking the successful road of reform, and many people have benefited from it and become well-known contemporary entrepreneurs, leaving behind experiences of failure and success for later generations.

　　 　　If at the beginning of the reform, a generation dared to press their bloody fingerprints in order to find happiness, then is there anyone who is willing to use his life as a stepping stone to the success of more people today after 30 years of reform? It is this reverse mechanism of reform and the rising environment created by reform that makes two generations have different choices, and also makes more modern young people reluctant to use the premise of "determination" as the basis of their lives.

　　 　　Modern post-80s students also think that they are going their own way, but most of them are no longer about how to achieve a "career" and "save the country", but how to build a small family with a happy life. Studying abroad with the support of their parents also makes them stop washing dishes in their spare time. More people don’t go into the sea because they are tasteless from the "comfortable" civil service posts, but flock into the "single-plank bridge" of civil service examinations.

　　 　　After graduation, I will concentrate on large and medium-sized cities, and strive to enter cities where less than 10% of the population lives, instead of paying attention to the blind date of my parents and the hot land. They are keen to find happiness in life on the Internet, and they are also keen to discuss housing prices and social issues in the virtual world. They drive small private cars romantically in the mountains and fields, while proudly looking down on colleagues and classmates who pick them by cart, while shouting loudly at the high housing prices of luxury houses in the city center, which seems to have become a way of life for them …

　　　　　　 Everyone has a different understanding of "going your own way", but society will redefine what "going your own way" is. Huayuan, on the other hand, withdrew and started a second venture in order to safeguard the interests of state-owned assets after entering the capital market, showing the competitive strength by re-entering the capital market, and proving what "breaking out of its own way" is with hard work and strength and performance recognized by the society.

　　 　　Third, the power of example.

　　 　　Li Yanhong, Ma Yun and Feng Jun are all role models for the younger generation. Although they are not called the post-80s generation, they are the best in this age group and can be worthy of all the pride of Chinese. But perhaps because their image is too high, many people think it is unattainable. Instead, they give up the pursuit of role models and make many people lose their attention to them.

　　 　　In fact, the role model is a phased goal drawn up in the determination, and it is precisely a step that needs to be continuously improved and easily touched by yourself, which urges you to strive for it.

　　 　　When we make a profit of millions, we set a profit target of tens of millions. When this goal is to be achieved, we set a profit target of hundreds of millions. When the company has hundreds of millions of capital, we hope to reach the level of billions and then tens of billions. Those companies that run faster than us are our role models and turn them into motivation.

　　 　　When we only have the ability to return to work, we made a promise to allocate housing for employees, so that people who build houses can live in their own houses. After years of hard work, this goal has been constantly improving standards, from less to more, from small to large, and finally caught the last bus of welfare housing distribution.

　　 　　Today’s housing prices make many young people feel unattainable, but I think this is just a kind of motivation. Young people’s efforts should be based on the pursuit of high-standard housing, but the reality should start with low-standard and long-distance housing or renting, just as learning to run should start with step by step. It is by no means to weaken one’s fighting spirit by complaining and complaining, and the goal of always being one step behind will not relax the spirit of hard work. The idea of expecting a pie from the sky is not conducive to the growth of young people.

　　 　　As a soldier, I was lucky enough to crash into the team of the best Long Live Army in China. The excellent tradition has branded all soldiers without exception as always striving for the first place. In this army that survived the Red Army era led by communist party, Napoleon’s famous saying that "a soldier who doesn’t want to be a general is not a good soldier" is also taken as a message of determination and inspiration. Of course, it is accompanied by military history, teacher history, regiment history and company history, and the role model of heroes. It is the rendering of this environment that makes every soldier who lives in this competition with infinite excitement know to move forward. Never know what retreat is, all the complaints focus on not being the main attack company and having the honor of being the first to plant the red flag in the position, even if this honor comes at the expense of sacrifice.

　　 　　Perhaps this spirit only belongs to that particular era and has been forgotten today. But for our generation, it is still fresh in memory and unforgettable for life. It is this specific living environment that has enabled me to win the second-class and third-class military exploits, both collective and individual, seven times in my 13-year military career. People who have never been a soldier may not understand the difficulty and value of meritorious service. In a fighting team with a strong sense of honor, the cruelty of its competition is not only reflected in the hard work of bleeding and sweating, but also in the struggle of technology, knowledge, ability and willpower. Wang Zhongjun’s "Soldier Assault" has become a TV series with high ratings for all ages, which is undoubtedly closely related to his personal experience in the military life of the 38th Army.

　　　　 　Undoubtedly, it is the role and strength of role models that have become the basis for this generation to become outstanding people on different fronts. These essences deposited in their blood are also one of the reasons why this generation has become the backbone of China’s reform and economic development.

　　 　　It is also the power of example that makes this generation selflessly shoulder the heavy responsibility of "serving the people" and silently endure the lagging costs and burdens of the reform of the national management system for the development of the country.

　　 　　Our parents have shed blood and suffered injuries for the establishment of the new China, but their income so far is less than that of their grandchildren, but they have never doubted and wavered about "serving the people", and they have never put forward extravagant demands for personal consumption. Up to now, they still maintain the tradition of hard work and plain living, wear patched clothes, and still insist on taking public transportation when they are over 90 years old. Their weirdness has made the later generations incomprehensible and helpless. They will "secretly" raise unrelated children to go to school, and will "quietly" donate the balance of their lives to those "needy people" who are unknown and have never met for life. They have already left their leadership positions, but they are more concerned about politics and state affairs than everyone in this family. CCTV and local news are still essential contents in their lives. They insist on reading party newspapers at all levels, but hardly read non-party newspapers and "lace news". What they pay most attention to is to participate in activities arranged for veteran cadres at all levels and military activities that they have fought. They always put on Lenin’s clothes of that year and hang up various medals and medals that they have won in history to show the glory that has long been forgotten by society. As always, they are pursuing their former ideals.

　　新华社北京2月15日电 2月16日出版的第4期《求是》杂志将发表中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖的重要文章《坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路，更好推进中国特色社会主义法治体系建设》。

　　文章强调，法治兴则民族兴，法治强则国家强。当前，我国正处在实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键时期，世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，改革发展稳定任务艰巨繁重，对外开放深入推进，需要更好发挥法治固根本、稳预期、利长远的作用。建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，要顺应事业发展需要，坚持系统观念，全面加以推进。

　　文章指出，要坚持法治体系建设正确方向。中国特色社会主义法治体系是中国特色社会主义制度的重要组成部分，必须牢牢把握中国特色社会主义这个定性，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，正确处理政治和法治、改革和法治、依法治国和以德治国、依法治国和依规治党的关系，在坚持党的全面领导、保证人民当家作主等重大问题上做到头脑特别清晰、立场特别坚定。我们要建设的中国特色社会主义法治体系，必须是扎根中国文化、立足中国国情、解决中国问题的法治体系，不能被西方错误思潮所误导。

　　The article points out that it is necessary to speed up legislation in key areas. Strengthen legislation in important areas such as national security, accelerate the pace of legislation in areas such as the digital economy, and strive to improve the legal system that is urgently needed for national governance and meets the growing needs of the people for a better life. Give play to the political guarantee role of governing the party according to regulations for the development of the party and the state, and form a pattern in which national laws and internal party regulations complement each other.

　　The article points out that it is necessary to deepen the reform in the field of rule of law. Focusing on the goal of making the people feel fair and just in every legal system, every law enforcement decision and every judicial case, we will deepen the comprehensive reform of the judicial system and accelerate the construction of a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judicial system. The reform in the field of rule of law is political and policy-oriented, so we must grasp the principles and stick to the bottom line, and we must never turn the reform into "benchmarking" the western rule of law system and "pursuing" the western rule of law practice.

　　The article points out that international struggle should be carried out by means of rule of law. Adhere to the overall promotion of domestic and foreign-related rule of law, strengthen legislation in foreign-related fields, further improve laws and regulations against sanctions, interference and "long-arm jurisdiction", and promote the construction of a legal system for extraterritorial application in China.

　　The article points out that it is necessary to strengthen the theoretical research and publicity of the rule of law. Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s thought of rule of law in the new era should be implemented in the compilation and teaching of teaching materials in various legal disciplines, so as to promote teaching materials, classrooms and minds. Taking promoting the law-abiding of the whole people as the basic project, leading cadres at all levels should take the lead in respecting the law-abiding usage of law. Tell the story of China’s rule of law well, and enhance the international influence and discourse power of China’s rule of law system and theory.

According to the Electoral College system, the president of the United States is elected by the electoral college, not directly by the voters. The number of electoral college members in each state, that is, the number of elector, is equal to the number of federal government members in each state. Together with three electoral votes from Washington, D.C., there are 538 votes nationwide. When a candidate wins 270 or more votes, the victory can be sealed.

The elected electors swear to vote for the winning presidential candidate in the state when voting in the electoral college, so the election results can usually be calculated according to the election results of each state on the polling day.

When voting in each state, the "winner-take-all" rule is implemented in most regions, and the presidential candidate who wins the majority of voters in the state will get all the electoral votes in the state.

Maine and Nebraska allow electoral votes to be divided. In Maine, the winner of the state won two of the four votes, and the other two votes fell into the pockets of the election winner in the House of Representatives constituency. Similarly, the winner of Nebraska won two of the five votes, and the other three votes were won by the winners of each house of representatives constituency.

California has the most electoral votes, up to 55, Texas has 38, New York has 29, while Delaware, Wyoming and Alaska have only three each.

In the American election, sometimes the location of the votes is more important than the number of votes. The voting results in most states are always consistent. For example, New York and California are loyal supporters of the Democratic Party, while Kentucky and Tennessee are safe voting warehouses for the Republican Party. Florida, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Arizona and other swing states full of uncertainties are the main battlefields that determine whether a candidate can be finally elected.

In the latest poll results, Arizona’s 11 votes, North Carolina’s 15 votes and Maine’s 4 votes are more inclined to Democratic candidate Biden, Georgia’s 16 votes are slightly inclined to Trump, and Florida’s two candidates’ polls are less than one percentage point, and it is still unclear who will end up spending.

Influenza is a highly contagious seasonal influenza caused by influenza virus, which may have existed for thousands of years. Humans once thought that the epidemic was influenced by planets and stars, and later thought it was related to bacterial infection. It was not until 1933 that Willson Smith and Christopher Andrews isolated the influenza virus from patients and proved it with ferrets’ experiments that it was confirmed that it was a disease caused by virus infection.

Influenza virus can cause infections and diseases in humans, birds, pigs, horses, cows, bats and other animals. During the 19th and 20th centuries, influenza was a super killer of human beings. During 1889-1893, the so-called "Russian flu" killed about 1 million people all over Europe. In 1918, the most terrible Spanish flu in history killed about 50 million people, accounting for nearly 3% of the world population at that time. At that time, in the face of the virus, human beings were almost helpless and waiting for death. Until modern times, human means to deal with the flu are still limited. According to the data of the World Health Organization (WHO), the epidemic of influenza causes 3-5 million cases of serious diseases worldwide every year, and causes about 290,000-650,000 deaths. In the 20th century, there were more than three influenza pandemics in the world, namely, the Asian influenza caused by influenza A virus (H2N2) in 1957, the Hong Kong influenza caused by influenza A virus (H3N2) in 1968 and the Russian influenza caused by influenza A virus (H1N1) in 1977.

Influenza virus belongs to orthomyxoviridae, which is cold-resistant and dry-resistant. It is often active from November to April of the following year, with the peak in January and February every year. There are four types of influenza viruses: A, B, C and D. Type D mainly infects animals, but no infected people have been found. Type C is relatively rare, which can cause mild respiratory diseases, and children are mostly infected. It is generally not considered to cause epidemics. The main causes of human seasonal influenza epidemic are A and B, especially A is considered to be the main cause of worldwide influenza pandemic. Influenza A virus is further classified into subtypes according to the types of two antigens (hemagglutinin H and neuraminidase N) on the virus surface. For example, H1N1 refers to influenza A virus with hemagglutinin subtype 1 and neuraminidase subtype 1. There are 18 subtypes of hemagglutinin H and 11 subtypes of neuraminidase N, and the two antigens are arranged and combined in different ways to form different strains, among which H1N1, H2N2 and H3N2 mainly infect humans. In addition, there are also zoonotic virus strains that cause epidemics, such as human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza and human infection with swine flu. Recently, the activity level of influenza virus in China has been significantly enhanced, with influenza A (H1N1) as the main epidemic strain and H3N2 subtype co-prevalent.

The flu is different from what people usually call a cold. The common cold is a common acute viral infectious disease of upper respiratory tract. There are many kinds of viruses that can cause common cold, such as rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, echovirus, Coxsackie virus, coronavirus and adenovirus. The common cold is generally characterized by nasal congestion, sneezing, runny nose, fever, cough, headache, etc. Generally, it has no systemic symptoms or mild symptoms, and it is self-limited. Generally, it can heal itself in about 1 week to 10 days.

The symptoms caused by influenza virus infection are similar to the common cold, such as cough, runny nose, headache, fever, etc. Some patients also have digestive tract symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. But generally speaking, the symptoms are generally more serious than the common cold, and it is more prone to high fever above 38 degrees Celsius, and the systemic symptoms such as headache, muscle pain and joint pain are more obvious. Influenza virus will specifically attack respiratory epithelial cells. People with weak constitution may be infected deeply into the lungs, leading to pneumonia, or invade other tissues, causing myocarditis, kidney injury, encephalitis and so on. The most common complication is secondary bacterial pneumonia, and serious complications include adult respiratory distress syndrome, toxic shock, cardiac and renal failure, etc., thus endangering life safety. The course of the flu is generally longer than the common cold, and it usually takes 2-3 weeks to recover, and even some symptoms will last for several months.

It is almost impossible to eradicate the influenza virus from the world. It has an incredible ability to mutate, which makes it a constantly developing virus. The genetic material of influenza virus is very unstable, and it undergoes some mutations rapidly every year, which will slightly change the characteristics of its H and N antigens, which we call mutation. Because of this characteristic, if people were infected with influenza virus or vaccinated with influenza vaccine in the last year, they gained immunity against a certain influenza subtype. In the second year, because of the change of epidemic strains, most people’s immune systems could not effectively recognize and generate correct immune responses again, resulting in infection. Since 2004 alone, more than 5,000 different influenza strains have been sequenced. Scientists also need to make unremitting efforts to predict the possible epidemic strains in advance when the next winter comes according to the data of influenza in the current year and last season, and adjust the global vaccine strategy in time.

Influenza is generally spread mainly by droplets such as sneezing and coughing, and can also cause direct or indirect contact infection through oral cavity, nasal cavity, eyes and other mucous membranes. In order to effectively prevent infection, influenza vaccination before the arrival of the epidemic season (usually around October each year) is still the most effective means to prevent influenza, which can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications. This year, due to factors such as prevention and control strategies and changes in people’s personal protective behavior habits, the influenza epidemic season has been postponed compared with previous years. Considering that effective antibodies can be produced about 2 weeks after vaccination, it is still not too late to vaccinate against influenza. Priority vaccination is recommended for key groups such as the elderly over 60 years old, children from 6 months to 5 years old, pregnant women, family members and caregivers of children under 6 months old, patients with chronic diseases and medical staff. In the flu season, it is necessary to have regular ventilation in the house; Maintain good personal hygiene habits, wash your hands frequently, and be careful not to touch your face, eyes, nose and mouth with your hands; Wear masks when going to crowded places or some high-risk places such as hospitals; Keep a certain distance and pay attention to cough etiquette when talking with people. If you find yourself infected, you should take the initiative to reduce contact with others and take the initiative to isolate yourself when possible.

The treatment of influenza is mainly to improve symptoms, and antibiotics are ineffective against influenza virus. Over-the-counter cold medicines available in pharmacies generally have the functions of reducing fever, relieving pain, relieving cough, reducing respiratory tract or nasal secretions, etc., and are not aimed at the virus itself. In recent years, neuraminidase inhibitors have good antiviral effect, and their main mechanism is to inhibit the release of virus from infected cells, thus reducing the spread of virus. These drugs have clear requirements on the timing of use, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, which are required to be taken within 48 hours after onset. If the window period is exceeded, the effect will be greatly reduced. If the patient or family members have low immunity, they should take it as soon as possible on the premise of excluding contraindications. In the final analysis, the fight against influenza depends more on the body’s own immune system. Therefore, whether for prevention or treatment purposes, it is necessary to ensure adequate rest and sleep, and to ensure adequate calories, protein and vitamins in the diet. A large dose of vitamin C is considered to have an auxiliary effect on anti-virus, and its immunomodulatory effect is multi-channel, especially in the initial stage of the disease (within 12 hours). Of course, if you have the flu, you should never take it lightly. When the symptoms persist, worsen or recur, you should seek medical advice in time and seek professional help.

　

　

On the issuance of "Pudong New Area hangtou Financial Investment Construction Project"

Notice of the Administrative Measures (Revised Edition)

　

There are departments in the organ, which belong to institutions, non-permanent institutions and companies, Hesha Hangcheng community, Xiasha community and Hangnan community, and village (neighborhood) committees:

The Measures for the Administration of Financial Investment Construction Projects in hangtou, Pudong New Area (Revised Edition) are hereby printed and distributed to you, please follow them carefully.

I hereby inform you.

　

　

　

Hangtou People’s Government of Pudong New Area

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　202fouryearfourmoononesun

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

　

Measures for the Administration of Financial Investment Construction Projects in hangtou, Pudong New Area

(revised edition)

　

chapter one　general rules

the first　In order to further strengthen the management of hangtou municipal government’s financial investment construction funds, standardize the project construction procedures, use the government’s financial construction funds more reasonably and effectively, and improve the investment efficiency,According to the "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Bidding Law", "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law" and "About Forwarding〈Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Opening the Intention of Government Procurement〉Notice of Shanghai Municipality on the Management of Bidding for Construction Projects, Notice on Strengthening the Supervision of Bidding for Construction Projects in Pudong New Area, Several Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Bidding for Construction Projects in Pudong New Area, Notice on Adjusting Several Opinions on Strengthening the Management of Bidding for Construction Projects in Pudong New Area, and Notice on Further Standardizing Matters Related to the Disclosure of Government Procurement Information in this Municipality"About printing and distributing〈Interim Measures for the Fund Management of District-level Government Investment Projects in Pudong New Area〉Notice "Other laws, regulations and industry norms., combined with the actual situation in hangtou, these measures are formulated.

the second　These Measures are applicable to the construction, maintenance and renovation of municipal, greening, social welfare, culture and education, administrative facilities, community facilities and other engineering and engineering services (bidding agency, design, survey, supervision, etc.) implemented in full or in part with the financial resources of the town government.

The town government’s financial construction funds include the construction funds inside and outside the town’s financial budget, the superior subsidy funds and other government construction funds.

chapter two Division of responsibilities

Article　Entrusted by the project management leading group, hangtou Project Management Office (hereinafter referred to as Project Office) is fully responsible for the management of engineering construction projects, including summarizing the annual construction plan, declaring project procurement, implementing and managing construction funds, and organizing scheme design, project approval, bidding, project promotion, process investment control and project acceptance.

The town party and government office (audit) is responsible for the financial pre-examination, project price evaluation and financial settlement audit of the project.

Town Town Construction Management Center (hereinafter referred to as Urban Construction Center) shall assist the Project Office in project implementation and promotion.

The Finance Department is responsible for the implementation of project funds and the audit of purchase numbers.

Planning and construction office(Tuguanban)Responsible for issuing audit opinions on the nature of land involved in special construction projects.

The functional departments of each line of the town government are responsible for connecting the superior departments, proposing the annual construction project demand, compiling the project financial budget, and participating in the project scheme design demonstration, project promotion and project acceptance.

chapter three　　project management

Article 4　Project reserve.Implement the project reserve mechanism. follow“Concentrate limited financial resources, strengthen the comprehensive balance, orderly rush first and then slow down, ensure key investment, ensure the completion and continuation of construction, and continue the construction before opening."Principle, all functional departments comprehensively consider the project positioning, service groups, use functions, prepare the construction project reserve plan, and put forward the construction demand. every year10Month, draw up the project reserve plan, report to the project office for summary, and form the project reserve (Annexone）。

The community construction project plan is coordinated by the town community construction office, the village committee construction project plan is coordinated by the town planning and construction office, and the company construction project plan is coordinated by the Economic Development Center.

Article 5　Budget preparation and plan release.According to the opinions of various functional departments, combined with the arrangement and amount of construction funds and the policy of higher subsidies, the project office selects some projects from the reserve and prepares the draft construction plan and budget plan for the next year. After the draft plan is reviewed and approved by the mayor’s office and the party committee, the project office will report the annual construction project plan to various functional departments and finance offices, and each functional department will declare the purchase number, and then the finance office will review and report it to obtain the purchase number.

Article 6　Project addition.After the annual construction project plan is determined, it is generally not added except for sudden emergency projects, special over-budget projects and new construction projects that really need to be added according to the work requirements of the district. For projects that really need to be added, all functional departments shall report them to the Project Office for summary, submit them to the mayor in charge and the mayor for approval, and then implement them according to the project construction process.

Article 7　Preparation of project plan.After the plan is confirmed, the project office will implement the implementation plan and budget prepared by professional units, and consult the opinions of functional departments, territorial units and residents. The investment amount is in100Ten thousand yuan (including) the following project construction plan preparation control in15Within working days,100Ten thousand yuan of construction plan preparation control in30Within working days.

Article 8　　Pre-examination and establishment of the project.After the scheme is determined, the single construction amount is greater than or equal totwentyTen thousand yuan of construction projects, need to organize professional units to pre-audit the project budget.(attachment2). For a single construction amount less thantwentyTen thousand yuan of construction projects, can be implemented in accordance with the program budget.

According to hangtou“Triple and one big"The requirements of the collective decision-making system and the rules of procedure of the mayor’s office meeting, the project investment amount is intwentyTen thousand yuan and above,50Ten thousand yuan, submitted to the mayor’s office for consideration;50Ten thousand yuan and above, the mayor’s office will discuss and pass, and report to the party Committee for deliberation. After it is passed, it will be established.

righttwentyTen thousand yuan of the following construction projects, fill in the small construction project approval form (Annexthree）。

Article 9　Release of purchasing information.After the completion of the project, except for the bulk centralized procurement organized by centralized procurement institutions, in principle, the procurement intention of projects and services within the centralized procurement catalogue implemented by the project or above the procurement limit standard should be made public. The contents include the name of the procurement project, the general situation of procurement demand, the budget amount, the estimated procurement time, etc. In principle, no later than before the start of procurement activities.30Japanese public procurement intention. For procurement projects that need to be carried out urgently due to unforeseen reasons, the procurement intention may not be disclosed.

Article 10　Project bidding and procurement.After the completion of the procurement intention publicity, start the project bidding work (Annexfour）。 Bidding work should strictly abide by the bidding law, the government procurement law and other relevant laws and regulations, follow the principles of openness, fairness and impartiality, and purchase the contracting work of engineering survey, design, supervision and construction, and select the best contractor, and the project contractor should have corresponding qualifications.

Entrust a professional agency to undertake specific bidding matters (responsible for compiling bidding documents and organizing bidding activities)..All relevant personnel involved in bidding activities must be fair and honest, and shall not participate in any activities that violate the fairness of bidding; Confidentiality requirements must be strictly observed, and confidential information in the bidding process shall not be disclosed; Anyone who has a close relationship with a potential supplier or has an interest relationship with a potential supplier should avoid it.

(A) small-scale construction projects

one, scope of implementation:Small-scale construction projects refer to individual projects whose contract price is less than100Ten thousand yuan of construction and engineering services.(Bidding agency, survey, design, supervision, etc.).

2, enterprise selection:

2.1Selection of construction enterprises:

(one) The estimated price of a single contract is less than50Ten thousand yuan:

Combined with the actual situation of the project, the construction enterprises with corresponding qualifications are selected, and can be directly entrusted for implementation after collective discussion and decision by the project management leading group.

(2) The estimated price of a single contract is greater than or equal to.50Ten thousand yuan, less than100Ten thousand yuan:

Competitive consultation and negotiation can be selected to determine the contractor, and the bidding platform is the public service platform for bidding in China.

2.2Selection of engineering service enterprises

(one) into the intermediary market procurement of engineering services:

The design, survey, supervision and price evaluation services of the project belong to the catalogue of intermediary market services in Pudong New Area, and the estimated single contract is less than.100Ten thousand yuan, through the intermediary market to choose the best way to choose suppliers.

(2) Engineering services not included in the procurement of intermediary markets:

For engineering services other than engineering design, survey, supervision and price evaluation, the estimated single contract is less than50Ten thousand yuan, through the collective discussion and decision of the project management leading group, can be directly entrusted to implement. Single contract estimate is greater than or equal to50Ten thousand yuan, less than100Ten thousand yuan,The supplier can be determined by competitive negotiation and competitive negotiation, and the bidding platform is the public bidding service platform of China.

(2) Construction projects above designated size

one, scope of implementation:Construction projects above designated size refer toThe estimated contract price of single project is greater than or equal to.100Ten thousand yuan of construction and engineering services.(Bidding agency, survey, design, supervision, etc.).

2, enterprise selection:The estimated contract price of single project is greater than or equal to.100Ten thousand yuan, less thanfour hundredFor the construction of 10,000 yuan, the contractor can be determined by means of invitation to bid, competitive consultation and competitive negotiation, and the bidding platform is Shanghai government procurement network;The estimated contract price of single project is greater than or equal to.four hundredTen thousand yuan of construction orThe estimated contract price of single project is greater than or equal to.100Ten thousand yuan of engineering services, must be in the city, district level two construction project bidding and trading places in the implementation of public bidding.

(3) Single-source procurement

Single source procurement can be used in the following situations:one, the use of irreplaceable patents, proprietary technology, can only be purchased from a sole supplier;2、Need to entrust a leading academic institution or natural person in this field to carry out research;three、Unable to purchase from other suppliers due to unforeseen emergency;four, must ensure the consistency of the original procurement projects or the requirements of service packages, and need to continue to purchase from the original suppliers, and the total amount of procurement funds does not exceed 10% of the original contract purchase amount;fiveThe procurement project has been implemented in other ways, but the procurement failed;sixOther items that can only be purchased from the sole supplier according to law.. If the single-source procurement method is to be adopted, the estimated single contract is greater than or equal to.100Ten thousand yuan, subject to the approval of the district finance department, publicity in the designated media of the district finance bureau, and the publicity shall be submitted to the finance department; Single contract estimate is less than100Ten thousand yuan, through the town.“Triple and one big"With the approval of collective decision-making, the purchase can be implemented by single-source procurement.

(4) Integrated bidding

It is really necessary to adopt integrated contracting projects, with reference to the Pudong New Area Construction ProjectImplementation of the Integrated Bidding Operation Measures.

Article 11　Sign the contract.After the bidding, discuss the contract details with the winning bidder in time and sign the contract. The contract text should adopt the model contract text recommended by the state or this Municipality. Before the contract is signed, legal review is required, and the main terms of the contract should be consistent with the bidding documents and the bidding documents of the winning bidder. The contract should specify the terms related to investment control, such as settlement standard, design change, visa, settlement principle of market price change of quantity and machine, etc., so as to create conditions for the smooth completion final accounts audit.

After the contract is signed, it shall be submitted to the“Shanghai Construction Market Information Service Platform"Submit relevant contract information.

Article 12　Project implementation and promotion.The Urban Construction Center shall assist the Project Office in comprehensively advancing the project implementation, including project preparation, design disclosure, commencement report, process management, investment control, acceptance of single project, acceptance of partial project, project handover, assessment of contractors, etc., and define the overall project promotion plan, construction scheme, emergency mechanism and project leader.

All contractors shall organize the implementation of the project in accordance with the approved design documents, and shall not change the construction site, scale, standards and construction contents without authorization.In the process of project construction, the relevant regulations such as project legal person system, supervision and supervision system shall be strictly implemented, and the whole process of project implementation shall be well managed to ensure that the quality of project construction is qualified, safe and accident-free, and shall be supervised by the district industry competent department and quality supervision department.

In principle, construction projects are entrusted to project supervision. Engineering supervision should strengthen the monitoring of concealed works, earthwork, greening and relocation, and make construction records; Report all kinds of problems in the process of project construction at the first time, and correct them according to the engineering construction specifications; Have the right to stop work when major problems affecting the safety and quality of the project are found.

Article 13　Design changes and visas.After the project construction drawing and budget are determined, the design and construction scheme shall not be changed at will during the construction. Due to special circumstances such as construction conditions and external factors,In case of any change in the approved planning and design during the construction process, the construction, design and construction unit shall strictly implement the design change procedures. Which does not involve the increase of funds (Annexfive), led by the urban construction center, the relevant units for examination and confirmation before implementation.

In principle, the investment in changing the contents of a construction project shall not exceed the original contract amount. It is really necessary to increase funds(attachmentsix),Urban construction center should be reported to the project office in a timely manner, on-site confirmation, determination of the change plan, and calculation.The impact on the project cost, submit written suggestions. Not exceeding the original contract price10%And no more than50Ten thousand yuan, reported to the mayor’s office for consideration; Increase funds by no more than10%And exceed50Ten thousand yuan, submitted to the mayor’s office after the meeting and then submitted to the party committee for consideration. Due to force majeure factors such as the adjustment of superior policies and major changes in geological conditions, it is really necessary to increase investment beyond the original contract price.10%, reportMayor’s office meeting and party Committee“One thing, one discussion"Study and solve.

For the increased project content and funds, a supplementary agreement shall be signed in time as the settlement basis.

Article 14　Investment control.Investment amount1000For construction projects of over 10,000 yuan or special projects, the investment supervisor is entrusted to organize the implementation of process investment control, focusing on the authenticity of concealed works, earthwork, greening relocation and various visa quantities, and confirming the implementation of the project content beyond the closed comprehensive unit price.

Article 15　Project acceptance.After the completion of the construction project,in timeOrganize the completion acceptance (government acceptance),Put forward suggestions for acceptance and rectification. The urban construction center urged the construction unit to complete the rectification in time. After the rectification is completed, the acceptance team will issue a completion acceptance report (attachmentseven）。

Projects involving district-level subsidy funds shall be accepted by the project office as a legal person.And do a good job in the preparations for the government acceptance of the project in time, and then the functional department will apply to the competent department of the industry for completion acceptance.

Article 16　　Management of engineering archives.In accordance with the requirements of archives acceptance management of engineering construction projects, the Urban Construction Center urges all participating units to do a good job in the management of engineering project archives, and handle the filing procedures of engineering project archives (Annexeight、nine）。

Article 17　　Project handover.After the acceptance by the government, the urban construction center shall handle the transfer formalities in time (Annex10）。 Involving the adjustment or addition of facilities, it should be docked with the maintenance management unit in time.

Article 18　　Assessment of contractors.In order to ensure high-quality construction and high-level management of construction projects and improve the credibility of the government, the construction enterprises and engineering service providers involved in construction projects are assessed.

(one) construction project assessment

Led by the Project Office, with the participation of relevant business departments, urban construction centers and relevant grass-roots units, the fund control, construction management, service quality, coordination and communication of construction enterprises and engineering service providers in the process of project implementation will be assessed, and enterprises involving serious problems will be reported to the district industry authorities as soon as possible.

(2) periodic performance evaluation

By the project office classification randomly selected part of the project (the project coverage rate is not less than the total number of projects25%), entrust a third-party performance evaluation unit to conduct project performance evaluation.

(three) establish a warning mechanism　　　　

In the process of project construction, the poor management of project construction affects the life of surrounding residents, resulting in the contradiction of group letters and visits; Deliberately delaying the construction period (except for force majeure factors) without meeting the schedule requirements during the construction process; Violation of safe and civilized construction in the construction process, failure to implement protective measures and inadequacy; Do not cooperate with relevant units to carry out project management related work. In case of the above situation, the Project Office shall give a written warning to the relevant enterprises, and the relevant construction units shall submit a written rectification report.In the future, it is necessary to upgrade the construction supervision of the construction projects involved by the relevant construction units and strictly control the payment of the project funds.

chapter four 　Project settlement control and project payment

Article 19　Project settlement control.After the completion of the project, the construction unit shall submit the project settlement to the project office in time, and the project completion settlement submitted for review, after deducting the price adjustment due to the rising construction market price, exceeds the project construction contract (including supplementary contract).10%The above will not be accepted.

Article 20　Project evaluation and financial final accounts audit.After the completion of the settlement, select the audit unit to audit the project settlement and financial expenditure (Annex11), in accordance with the relevant provisions of government procurement. All construction projects that incur Class II expenses should be audited financially, and the project investment should be adjusted and liquidated according to the financial audit report.

During the construction period, due to reasons other than the construction unit, the price increase of materials is beyond the allowable range, and at the time of settlement, the price difference of materials can be adjusted according to relevant regulations. The increased investment due to price increase is not used as the charging base for calculating other expenses.

Article 21　Payment of project funds.Payment of project funds and Class II expenses shall follow the principle of installment payment according to the progress of the project. The advance payment ratio of the project, and the municipal project is the contract amount.10%; Construction and other projects for the contract amount20%. Before the end of the project evaluation, the project progress payment does not exceed the contract amount60%. After the appraisal unit issues the appraisal report, the project payment can be paid to the approved amount.ninety-seven percentThe remaining funds will be used as the project quality deposit, and all the project funds will be settled after the expiration of the project quality guarantee period. If there is any problem with the project quality, it will be handled according to the project quality guarantee terms. The advance payment for Class II expenses does not exceed the contract price.thirty percentAfter the completion of the task, the payment shall not exceed the contract price.80%. After the audit unit issues the audit report, the second-class expenses can be settled according to the audit report.

sequencefivechapter 　Financial management and accounting

Article 22　Financial management.The project payment is approved by paper approval form, and the approval form should have the basic elements such as the name of the payment item, the full name of the payee, the payment content, the budget amount, the contract amount, the paid amount, and the fund allocation channel.

Article 23　Accounting.In principle, the government accounting system shall be implemented in the accounting of construction projects. On the premise of meeting the needs of daily financial management, accounting can also be simplified, and bookkeeping can be made directly under the detailed subjects of construction projects, and relevant ledgers can be established at the same time to facilitate reconciliation and liquidation.

Article 24　　Fixed assets registration.Fixed assets (such as houses and structures), municipal infrastructure (such as urban roads, bridges, bus stations, street lamps, squares, parks and green spaces, outdoor public fitness equipment, and sanitation facilities, etc.), transportation infrastructure (such as roads), water conservancy infrastructure (such as sluices, pumping stations, channels, revetment, etc.) and other public infrastructure, and intangible assets formed after the construction project is audited.trademark right, etc.) and other assets, submitted by the project office "hangtou capital construction project delivery assets audit application form" (annextwelve) to the financial department and asset management department, to carry out financial registration and asset management of fixed assets and public infrastructure.

sequencesixchapter any other business

Article 25　　For the projects that are really implemented due to unexpected events, serious natural disasters and other force majeure events, after discussion and research by the mayor’s office and the town party Committee, they shall be implemented with reference to the "Operating Measures for the Management of Emergency Rescue and Disaster Relief Projects in Pudong New Area".

Article 26　　For all or part of the use of district financial funds construction projects, with reference to the management requirements of district departments.

Article 27　　The construction projects of collective funds directly under the town companies and village collectives responsible for the management and operation shall be implemented with reference to these measures after corresponding decision-making procedures.

Article 28　　In case of policy conflict or adjustment, it shall be implemented in accordance with the superior documents.　

Article 29　　These Measures shall come into force as of the date of issuance.

　

attachmentone.Summary Table of Reserve Plan of hangtou Financial Investment Construction Project

2.Financial Pre-examination Entrustment Sheet for Construction Project

3.Small construction project approval form

4.Hangtou Financial Investment Construction Project Bidding Approval Transfer Sheet

5.Hangtou Financial Investment Construction Project Design Change Order

6.Application Form for Investment Adjustment of hangtou Financial Investment Construction Project

7.Hangtou financial investment construction project completion acceptance application form.

8.Catalogue of Archived Materials for Financial Investment Construction Projects in hangtou

9.Hangtou financial investment construction project file transfer form

10.Hangtou Public Facilities Maintenance Site Handover Confirmation Sheet

11.Entrustment Sheet for Audit of Price Appraisal and Financial Settlement of Construction Project

12.Hangtou capital construction projects such as delivery of assets audit application form.

　

　

　

　

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the National Bureau of Statistics, in the first half of the year, China’s economy continued to recover steadily, production demand continued to pick up, employment prices were generally stable, new kinetic energy grew rapidly, quality and efficiency improved steadily, market players expected to improve, main macro indicators were in a reasonable range, and economic development showed a good trend of stability, reinforcement and stability.

　　According to preliminary accounting, the GDP in the first half of the year was 53,216.7 billion yuan, up 12.7% year-on-year at comparable prices, down 5.6 percentage points from the first quarter. The average growth rate in two years was 5.3%, and the average growth rate in two years was 0.3 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. Quarterly, the first quarter increased by 18.3% year-on-year, with an average growth of 5.0% in two years; It increased by 7.9% in the second quarter and 5.5% on average in two years. In terms of industries, the added value of the primary industry in the first half of the year was 2,840.2 billion yuan, up 7.8% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.3% in two years; The added value of the secondary industry was 20,715.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 14.8%, with an average increase of 6.1% in two years; The added value of the tertiary industry was 29,661.1 billion yuan, up 11.8% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.9% in two years. From the ring comparison, the GDP in the second quarter increased by 1.3%.

　　First, the summer grain was harvested again, and animal husbandry production grew steadily.

　　In the first half of the year, the added value of agriculture (planting) increased by 3.6% year-on-year, and the growth rate was 0.3 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; Average growth of 3.7% in two years. Among them, the growth in the second quarter was 3.7%, 0.4 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. The total output of summer grain in China was 145.82 million tons (291.6 billion Jin), an increase of 2.967 million tons (5.93 billion Jin) or 2.1% over the previous year. The agricultural planting structure has been continuously optimized, and the planting area of cash crops such as rapeseed has increased. In the first half of the year, the output of pork, cattle, sheep and poultry was 42.91 million tons, up by 23.0% over the same period of last year, of which the output of pork increased by 35.9%. Milk production increased by 7.6% year-on-year, while poultry and eggs production decreased by 4.1%. At the end of the second quarter, the number of live pigs was 439.11 million, a year-on-year increase of 29.2%; Among them, there are 45.64 million sows that can breed, an increase of 25.7%.

　　II. Steady growth of industrial production and rapid growth of high-tech manufacturing.

　　In the first half of the year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 15.9% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 7.0% in two years, 0.2 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; Among them, the second quarter increased by 8.9% year-on-year. In June, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 8.3% year-on-year, with an average increase of 6.5% in two years; The chain increased by 0.56%. In terms of three categories, the added value of the mining industry increased by 6.2% in the first half of the year, with an average increase of 2.5% in two years; The manufacturing industry grew by 17.1%, with an average growth rate of 7.5% in two years; Electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries grew by 13.4%, with an average growth of 6.0% in two years. The added value of high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 22.6% year-on-year, with an average increase of 13.2% in two years. In terms of products, the output of new energy vehicles, industrial robots and integrated circuits increased by 205.0%, 69.8% and 48.1% respectively year-on-year, and the average growth rate in both years exceeded 30%. In terms of economic types, the added value of state-owned holding enterprises increased by 11.9% year-on-year; Joint-stock enterprises increased by 15.8% year-on-year, and foreign-invested enterprises from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan increased by 17.0% year-on-year; Private enterprises increased by 18.3% year on year. In June, the purchasing managers’ index of China manufacturing industry was 50.9%, which was higher than the critical point for 16 consecutive months. The expected index of enterprise’s production and operation activities is 57.9%.

　　From January to May, the total profits of industrial enterprises above designated size nationwide reached 3,424.7 billion yuan, up 83.4% year-on-year, with an average increase of 21.7% in two years. The profit rate of operating income of industrial enterprises above designated size is 7.11%, which is 2.05 percentage points higher than that of January-May 2020.

　　Third, the service industry recovered steadily and the market expectation continued to improve.

　　In the first half of the year, the tertiary industry continued to recover steadily. In the second quarter, the added value of the tertiary industry increased by 8.3% year-on-year, with an average growth of 5.1% in two years; The growth rate in the first quarter was 15.6% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 4.7% in two years. In terms of industries, the added value of transportation, warehousing and postal services, information transmission, software and information technology services increased by 21.0% and 20.3% respectively in the first half of the year, with an average increase of 6.9% and 17.3% respectively in the two years. In June, the national service industry production index increased by 10.9% year-on-year, with an average growth of 6.5% in two years. From January to May, the operating income of service enterprises above designated size increased by 31.9% year-on-year, with an average increase of 11.1% in two years, 0.2 percentage points higher than that in January-April.

　　In June, the business activity index of service industry was 52.3%, which was higher than the critical point for 16 consecutive months. From the industry situation, the business activity indexes of postal express, telecommunications, radio and television, satellite transmission services, internet software and information technology services, which are closely related to online consumption, are all in the higher boom range of more than 57.0%; Monetary and financial services and insurance are all located in the high-level boom zone above 60.0%. From the market expectation, the expected index of business activities is 60.4%, which continues to remain at a high level.

　　Four, the market sales gradually improved, and the consumption of upgraded goods increased rapidly.

　　In the first half of the year, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 21,190.4 billion yuan, up 23.0% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.4% in two years, 0.2 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; Among them, the growth rate in the second quarter was 13.9% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 4.6% in two years. In June, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 3,758.6 billion yuan, up 12.1% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.9% in two years. The chain increased by 0.70%. In the first half of the year, according to the location of business units, the retail sales of urban consumer goods was 18,409.8 billion yuan, up 23.3% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.4% in two years; The retail sales of rural consumer goods reached 2,780.7 billion yuan, up 21.4% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.0% in two years. By consumption type, the retail sales of commodities reached 19,019.2 billion yuan, up 20.6% year-on-year, with an average growth of 4.9% in two years. The catering revenue was 2,171.2 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 48.6%, and the scale was basically the same as that in the first half of 2019. By commodity category, the year-on-year growth rate of 18 commodity categories of units above designated size all exceeded 10%, of which more than 70% commodity categories grew at a year-on-year rate of more than 20%. From the two-year average growth rate, except for petroleum commodities, the retail sales of other commodity categories are all positive growth, among which the average growth rate of retail sales of nine categories of commodities such as sports and entertainment products, communication equipment, cosmetics and cultural office supplies exceeds 10% in two years. The national online retail sales reached 6,113.3 billion yuan, up 23.2% year-on-year, with an average growth of 15.0% in two years, 1.5 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. Among them,The online retail sales of physical goods reached 5,026.3 billion yuan, an increase of 18.7%, with an average increase of 16.5% in two years, 1.1 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; The online retail sales of physical goods accounted for 23.7% of the total retail sales of consumer goods, an increase of 1.8 percentage points over the first quarter.

　　5. Fixed assets investment continued to recover, and the average growth rate of manufacturing investment accelerated in two years.

　　In the first half of the year, China’s fixed assets investment (excluding farmers) was 25.59 trillion yuan, up 12.6% year-on-year, and 0.35% month-on-month in June. The average growth rate in two years was 4.4%, 1.5 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter. In terms of fields, infrastructure investment in the first half of the year increased by 7.8% year-on-year, with an average increase of 2.4% in two years, slightly lower than that in January-May; Manufacturing investment increased by 19.2% year-on-year, with an average growth of 2.0% in two years, 1.4 percentage points faster than that in January-May; Investment in real estate development increased by 15.0% year-on-year, with an average increase of 8.2% in two years, slightly lower than that in January-May. The national commercial housing sales area was 886.35 million square meters, up 27.7% year-on-year, with an average growth of 8.1% in two years. The sales of commercial housing was 9,293.1 billion yuan, up 38.9% year-on-year, with an average growth of 14.7% in two years. In terms of industries, investment in the primary industry increased by 21.3% year-on-year, with an average increase of 13.2% in two years; Investment in the secondary industry increased by 16.3% year-on-year, with an average increase of 2.9% in two years; Investment in the tertiary industry increased by 10.7% year-on-year, with an average increase of 4.8% in two years. Private investment increased by 15.4% year-on-year, with an average growth of 3.8% in two years. Investment in high-tech industries increased by 23.5% year-on-year, with an average increase of 14.6% in two years; Among them, the investment in high-tech manufacturing industry and high-tech service industry increased by 29.7% and 12.0% respectively, with an average increase of 17.1% and 9.5% respectively in two years. In the high-tech manufacturing industry,Investment in computer and office equipment manufacturing, medical equipment and instrumentation manufacturing increased by 47.5% and 34.2% respectively, with an average increase of 26.3% and 18.7% respectively in two years. Among the high-tech service industries, the investment in e-commerce service industry and R&D and design service industry increased by 32.9% and 28.4% respectively, with an average increase of 32.5% and 15.9% respectively in two years. Investment in social fields increased by 16.4% year-on-year, with an average increase of 10.7% in two years; Among them, health investment and education investment increased by 35.5% and 14.2% respectively, with an average increase of 24.9% and 12.5% respectively in two years.

　　6. The import and export of goods grew rapidly and the trade structure continued to be optimized.

　　In the first half of the year, the total import and export volume of goods was 18,065.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 27.1%. Among them, exports were 9,849.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 28.1%; Imports were 8,215.7 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 25.9%; Import and export balance, with a trade surplus of 1,633.6 billion yuan. The trade structure continued to be optimized. In the first half of the year, the export of mechanical and electrical products accounted for 59.2% of the total export, an increase of 0.6 percentage points over the same period of last year. The import and export of general trade accounted for 61.9% of the total import and export, an increase of 1.7 percentage points over the same period of last year. The import and export of private enterprises accounted for 47.8% of the total import and export, an increase of 2.8 percentage points over the same period of last year. In June, the total import and export volume was 3,291.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.0%. Among them, exports were 1,812.2 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.2%; Imports reached 1,479.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.2%.

　　Seven, consumer prices rose moderately, the factory price of industrial producers is still at a high level.

　　In the first half of the year, the national consumer price (CPI) rose by 0.5% year-on-year, and remained flat in the first quarter. Among them, in June, the national consumer price rose by 1.1% year-on-year, which was 0.2 percentage points lower than that in May. It decreased by 0.4% from the previous month. In the first half of the year, the consumer price of urban residents rose by 0.6%, while that of rural residents rose by 0.4%. By category, the prices of food, tobacco and alcohol rose by 0.4% year-on-year, the prices of clothing were flat, the prices of housing, daily necessities and services rose by 0.2%, the prices of transportation and communication rose by 1.9%, the prices of education, culture and entertainment rose by 0.9%, the prices of medical care rose by 0.3%, and the prices of other supplies and services fell by 1.1%. Among the food, tobacco and alcohol prices, pork prices dropped by 19.3%, grain prices rose by 1.2%, fresh fruit prices rose by 2.6%, and fresh vegetables prices rose by 3.2%. After deducting food and energy prices, the core CPI rose by 0.4%, which was flat in the first quarter.

　　In the first half of the year, the ex-factory price of industrial producers nationwide rose by 5.1% year-on-year, an increase of 3.0 percentage points over the first quarter; Among them, June increased by 8.8% year-on-year, and the growth rate dropped by 0.2 percentage points compared with May. In the first half of the year, the purchase price of industrial producers nationwide rose by 7.1% year-on-year, an increase of 4.3 percentage points over the first quarter; Among them, June rose by 13.1% year-on-year and 0.8% quarter-on-quarter.

　　Eight, the urban survey unemployment rate was the same as last month, and the employment situation was generally stable.

　　In the first half of the year, 6.98 million new jobs were created in cities and towns nationwide, achieving 63.5% of the annual target. In June, the national urban survey unemployment rate was 5.0%, which was the same as that in May and decreased by 0.7 percentage points over the same period of last year. The survey unemployment rate of local registered population is 5.0%, and that of foreign registered population is 5.1%. The survey unemployment rates of the population aged 16-24 and 25-59 are 15.4% and 4.2% respectively. The survey unemployment rate in 31 big cities and towns was 5.2%, which was the same as that in May. The average weekly working hours of employees in enterprises nationwide were 47.6 hours, 0.3 hours more than that in May. At the end of the second quarter, the total number of migrant workers in rural areas was 182.33 million.

　　Nine, the income of residents continued to grow, and the ratio of per capita disposable income of urban and rural residents narrowed.

　　In the first half of the year, the per capita disposable income of the national residents was 17,642 yuan, a nominal increase of 12.6% year-on-year, which was mainly affected by the low base in the first half of last year, with an average increase of 7.4% in two years, 0.4 percentage points faster than that in the first quarter; After deducting the price factor, the real growth rate was 12.0% year-on-year, with an average growth rate of 5.2% in two years, which was slightly lower than the economic growth rate and basically synchronized. According to the place of permanent residence, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 24,125 yuan, with a nominal increase of 11.4% and a real increase of 10.7%. The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 9,248 yuan, a nominal increase of 14.6% and a real increase of 14.1%. From the source of income, the per capita wage income, net operating income, net property income and net transfer income of the national residents increased by 12.1%, 17.5%, 15.0% and 9.0% respectively. The ratio of per capita income of urban and rural residents was 2.61, which was 0.07 lower than that of the same period of last year. The median per capita disposable income of national residents was 14,897 yuan, an increase of 11.6%.

　　On the whole, the national economy continued to recover steadily in the first half of the year, with stability and reinforcement, and stability and improvement. However, we must also see that the global epidemic continues to evolve and there are many external unstable and uncertain factors; The recovery of domestic economy is uneven, and efforts are still needed to consolidate the foundation of stable recovery and development. In the next step, we should adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, follow the decision-making arrangements of the Central Economic Work Conference and the government work report, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, better coordinate the prevention and control of epidemic situation and economic and social development, continue to deepen the structural reform on the supply side, focus on releasing the potential of domestic demand, vigorously help enterprises to tide over the difficulties, accelerate the reform and opening up, look ahead and make overall adjustments, keep the economic operation in a reasonable range, solidly promote high-quality development, and strive to complete the objectives and tasks of economic and social development throughout the year.

　　For many people, summer begins with a bottle of iced soda and an ice cream. Bingfeng, Nongfu Spring, Yili, Mattel, Zhong Xuegao … … Today’s cold drink market is very lively, with endless new brands and innovative old brands; There are both local ice products and national famous products.

　　With the general trend of consumption upgrading, the cold drink industry has ushered in a new revolution. In this wave, who can be the guardian of consumers’ cool summer? What do people eat when they eat cold drinks nowadays?

　　"online celebrity" appears frequently

　　New and old brands lay out high-end markets.

　　On a hot summer day, Feng Chenxi, a post-90s worker working in Chaoyang District, Beijing, walked into a convenience bee shop next to the company, looking for a cold drink to cool off. However, when he entered the store, he was a little confused, with ice cream, iced drinks and yogurt. After a cursory glance, I was attracted by a "small fresh" package in the freezer. This is a "boiled leaf" ice cream, which was jointly produced by Zhong Xuegao and Wufangzhai. "I didn’t eat zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival, so just try this!" Without looking at the price, I directly deducted the payment code, and only after this deduction did I know that one wanted 15 yuan, which was a little expensive.

　　"Fortunately, it tastes good, the fragrant leaves are mixed with milk, and there is a sticky feeling of glutinous rice." Feng Chenxi said.

　　In Feng Chenxi’s impression, domestic cold drinks are mostly cheap, and only a few foreign brands can sell at this price. Recalling the midsummer when I was a child, a bag of "ice packs" with a dime could make him smile. The packaging of an ice pack is extremely simple, just an icicle wrapped in plastic. When he and his friends were sweating, they went to the grocery store to buy an ice pack. First, they put it on their faces and foreheads, which made them instantly cool. Then, when they were full of handfuls, they began to suck eagerly, and the coolness went straight to their foreheads … …

　　This simple cold drink blended with pigment and sweetener has accompanied many people’s childhood. "That’s the coolest taste in summer." Feng Chenxi said.

　　In recent years, driven by some cutting-edge brands, domestic ice products have continuously raised their price ceiling. There are more and more domestic ice creams above 10 yuan, but those below 10 yuan are rare. The unit price of Zhongjie 1946 and Zhong Xue’s high-quality ice cream is above that of 10 yuan, and the price of an "Ecuadorian pink diamond Ice Cream" that makes Zhong Xue’s high fire "out of the circle" is as high as that of 66 yuan.

　　Seeing the cutting-edge forces overtaking in corners, the old players are also actively laying out the mid-to high-end market, and the cold drink market has entered the "10 yuan era".

　　Yili has held the top spot in the domestic cold drink market for many years, and its ice factory, Qiaolezi and other products are deeply loved by consumers, but it needs new faces to open up the situation in the middle and high-end market. "With the rise of ice cream rookie brands, more innovative brands have entered the market with mid-to high-end products, which has led to fierce market competition. The brand side provides healthier and more unique products through continuous product and marketing innovation. " The relevant person in charge of Yili Group said. On the basis of affordable models, Yili launched new products such as rare and rare products, which successfully helped the brand to stabilize its market position.

　　"Ice cream is the most eye-catching consumer product in midsummer. The sales of ice cream in convenience bees, Yili, Menglong and other places around 10 yuan are very high. In addition, online celebrity products with high prices are mostly the favorite of white-collar workers in business districts, such as Zhong Xuegao and Xicha ice cream." The person in charge of the convenience bee said.

　　Not just to relieve summer heat.

　　Full of creativity, attracting people to punch in

　　Nowadays, domestic cold drink brands have gradually gained a foothold in the mid-to-high-end market and have the ability to wrestle with international brands, whether in couples shops on the street, convenience chains or large supermarkets. Behind the ever-increasing price is the all-round change of products by manufacturers. Raw materials, modeling, technology and packaging … … All aspects of cold drink production and research and development are constantly changing, which stems from manufacturers’ accurate grasp of the changes in consumption concepts.

　　Ice cream brands frequently arouse consumers’ curiosity with richer flavors: durian flavor, toffee flavor, AD calcium milk flavor and salted egg yolk flavor … … "The new generation of consumers who seek novelty and novelty are more willing to pay for early adopters. They are less sensitive to price and pay more attention to factors such as product quality, taste, packaging and freshness. The rise of differentiated demand has promoted the growth of consumption of quality products. " Insiders analyzed.

　　The popularity of Wenchuang ice cream this year is an example.

　　Before going to Wuhan for the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, Wang Qi saw someone sharing "Yes ‘ Eat ’ The Yellow Crane Tower was planted with grass in an instant. "The ice cream has fine texture, realistic shape and good taste. It’s one from 15 yuan, and the price is not too expensive. It’s cool to take pictures in front of the Yellow Crane Tower!"

　　Well-known scenic spots such as the Forbidden City, West Lake, Leshan Giant Buddha, etc., are all combining their own characteristics to launch a unique style of cultural and creative ice cream, and taking pictures in front of the "deity" with ice cream in the shape of landmark buildings or cultural relics has become a new fashion for tourists to punch in.

　　Taking advantage of the popularity of cultural relics, Sanxingdui introduced two bronze masks "doll head" ice cream, which was robbed that morning. According to Feng Shixiong, an ice cream designer, there will also be a variety of products with different shapes and flavors, such as bronze giants and bronze birds, so that visitors to Sanxingdui can see, eat and bask in their circle of friends.

　　Nine-story pagoda in Mogao Grottoes, Horse Head in Yuanmingyuan, Yungang Grottoes … … Wenchuang ice cream in various scenic spots attracts tourists’ attention, and some prices reach tens of yuan, and many consumers are still willing to queue up.

　　The new "online celebrity" attracts attention by creating a sense of topic, while the old brand wins by virtue of tradition.

　　Founded in 1906, Mattel can sell more than 10,000 ice creams every day, regardless of the cold and heat. In the crowded central street of Harbin, it is almost a standard action to buy a Mattel popsicle to take pictures — — Not to quench your thirst, just to make a card.

　　"The function of cold drinks is changing, and it gradually carries more cultural and social attributes. At present, the products of the head ice cream brand in the market may have little difference if they only compare their tastes. For young people, choosing a fast-moving consumer product is largely to express their personality. " Sun Zubin, general manager of Maddie Group, said, "Maddie is the earliest popsicle brand in China, and has always adhered to the old technology and several traditional tastes. This inheritance is the core competitiveness of the brand. What was the taste of popsicles that people ate more than 100 years ago? For consumers, it is a rare cultural experience. "

　　Return to quality

　　Cold drinks grow red only when they are delicious

　　Novelty tastes are refurbished, and the styles are exquisitely crafted. In the cold drink market where product upgrading is accelerating, there are always new products and ways of playing. However, no matter how it changes, cold drinks are food after all, and what goes into the stomach is its root. The key to changing from "online celebrity" to long red lies in whether the products can go from mouth to heart.

　　"Yili cold drink has a history of 29 years. Walking in the streets, wherever there is a freezer, there will be Yili ice cream. " The relevant person in charge of Yili Cold Drink Division said that the word-of-mouth accumulated over the years is the greatest wealth of the brand. Taste, product line and channel are changing, but the insistence on quality makes the brand ride the wind and waves in the fierce market competition.

　　"Health has gradually become an important dimension to measure the quality of cold drinks." The relevant person in charge of Yili Cold Drink Division said that Yili’s "Have some oatmeal" ice cream uses milk with natural oatmeal particles, and milk protein and plant protein collide to create delicious and healthy. Another ice cream brand "Must Be Happy" focuses on providing consumers with high-quality ice cream with advanced liquid nitrogen extraction technology and patented live bacteria without artificial colors, flavors and preservatives.

　　"Consumers are increasingly demanding the quality of beverages, which requires enterprises to work hard on products, constantly improve quality, and truly make ‘ Online celebrity ’ The product becomes long red. " The relevant person in charge of Nongfu Spring said.

　　Recently, it was discovered that the oriental leaf "Jasmine Tea" tastes different. "The floral fragrance is more full, natural and refreshing, and it is more suitable for drinking in summer."

　　"Consumers’ demand for sugar-free tea is not just sugar-free, but a comprehensive experience based on taste, which is an invisible competition for brands ‘ Barriers ’ 。”

　　Quality is the lifeline of the brand. This is true for Nongfu Spring in the twenties, and it is also true for Xi ‘an Bingfeng in the seventies. In the 1990s, Coca-Cola entered the Xi ‘an market in a big way, and tried its best to defeat the ice peak. The glass bottle was filled with 50ml more, and the wholesale price was 5 cents cheaper. Even so, it failed to make the ice peak fall.

　　"This is certainly not just feelings. Guangxi’s high-quality white sugar, multi-channel purified water, glass bottles that have undergone four procedures of soaking, cleaning, disinfection and drying for 40 minutes, and the consistent craftsman spirit ensure the quality of Bingfeng soda, which makes us win the recognition of Xi’ an citizens and tourists from all over the world. " The head of the brand department of Xi’ an Bingfeng Beverage Co., Ltd. said.

　　Nowadays, as the tourism market in Xi ‘an continues to be hot, Bingfeng goes out of Xi ‘an with the help of the Internet and pushes products to the whole country through new retail. In addition to sticking to the taste, Bingfeng also followed the footsteps of the times to create diversified products. New packaging and new tastes enriched the product matrix and accelerated the pace of Bingfeng’s stepping out of the land of Sanqin.

　　Cold drink consumption will usher in more and faster changes. In the past, an ice cream and a bottle of soda accompanied several generations to grow up, but now the same generation is witnessing the changes and upgrading of different cold drink brands. What can stay is a brand that is more adaptable and innovative on the basis of excellent quality. (Kang Pu Han Xin)

　　Manual verification of nucleic acid reports is time-consuming, laborious and error-prone. What should I do?

　　On April 7th, Guan Wei of Fudan University issued a document. Since the beginning of March, the school has started the normalized nucleic acid screening work, requiring class counselors to check the students’ "healthy cloud" nucleic acid to complete screenshots to ensure that "no one is missed".

　　Li Xiaokang, a doctoral student in the School of Information Science and Engineering, is on fire. In a few minutes, he can quickly check the nucleic acids of hundreds of people to complete screenshots, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of verification!

　　From 1 hour to 2 minutes, a string of codes is done.

　　It is understood that Li Xiaokang is currently a counselor of Class 1 of Information in 2019.

　　Regarding the work of checking the nucleic acid report, he said: "It sounds simple, but when it is actually done, it may take half an hour to check the screenshot of a class. If it is a department with a large number of people, it may take longer, and it may be misread."

　　Li Xiaokang is volunteering.

　　As a doctoral student majoring in biomedical engineering, his research direction is medical imaging and artificial intelligence, and he usually comes into contact with many image processing methods. Li Xiaokang immediately thought of the OCR (Optical Character Recognition) technology he had learned before.

　　"OCR can recognize the text in the image and convert it into text information, which is convenient for verification. Moreover, because the nucleic acid screenshots are printed fonts, the recognition rate is very high, and it can be almost 100% accurate. "

　　He also thought of the regular expression in Python language — — You can search for specific pattern content in the string.

　　"Using regular expressions, you can filter out the desired information from the text recognized by OCR. Finally, after confirming the information such as the name, detection time and whether it has been sampled in each screenshot, output the results of everyone to an Excel file for manual confirmation. "

　　Finally, Li Xiaokang determined the program idea of "OCR character recognition+regular expression screening". On the evening of March 15th, it took him more than an hour to write the initial code, with a total of 130 lines, and it was found that it really worked, and it was very efficient.

　　Li Xiaokang’s chat with his colleagues when he first wrote the program.

　　As soon as the program was written, Li Xiaokang verified it on the nucleic acid screenshot data of his class, and the accuracy rate was really high, even detecting the problems that were not found by manual verification before. Moreover, the running time of the program is very short, and it only takes more than 20 seconds for more than 80 pictures.

　　Fudan University: It is expected to be covered by the whole school.

　　At present, the program has served in the college for 2 weeks. Li Xiaokang once asked other teachers to try their own programs for verification. 800 screenshots, it used to take more than an hour for several people to check, but now it only takes 2 minutes to get the results.

　　After he told this story to a circle of friends, many colleagues expressed great interest, and he also shared the code. In order to facilitate the use of teachers who can’t program, Li Xiaokang finally packaged the program — — When you use it, you just need to enter a line of code on the command line to run it.

　　Excel file output by the program

　　It is understood that the school information office also docked with Li Xiaokang. It is expected that in the near future, teachers and students will not need to manually collect screenshots of nucleic acids, but upload pictures directly through small programs, and they can check the statistical results at any time in the background.

　　This afternoon, when China Youth Daily reporter tried to get in touch with Li Xiaokang, he was serving as a volunteer in the school building to deliver meals.

　　He said: "The principle is also very simple, as long as people who can write code will understand what is going on at the first time, but those who don’t do related work will not feel the time-consuming and laborious work of this matter, and naturally they will not come up with a solution. I just use what I have learned to solve the difficulties in practical work. "

　　It turns out that,On August 19th, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, as the competent department of urban management, announced the Measures for Urban Management Enforcement (Draft for Comment) (hereinafter referred to as the Measures).Among them, the right to punish illegal parking on urban roads is planned to be included in the scope of urban management law enforcement.

　　What are the specific contents of "Urban Management Law Enforcement Measures (Draft for Comment)"? And listen to Xiaobian to give you a summary:

　　Six main points of "Urban Management Law Enforcement Measures (Draft for Comment)":

　　Point 1: Make clear the scope of administrative punishment power of urban management law enforcement.

　　In this draft for comments, it is proposed that the scope of urban management administrative punishment includes the following six aspects:

　　Point 2: Urban management can also post illegal vehicles.

　　As mentioned above,The right to punish illegal parking on urban roads is planned to be included in the scope of urban management law enforcement. In other words, urban management can be posted in the future.Some people may think that, in this way,Is the power of urban management greater? What if it overlaps with the law enforcement authority of the traffic control department and there is a phenomenon of mutual buck passing?This authority itself should be the product of coordination with the traffic control department, which means that the traffic control department will allocate more energy to the dynamic law enforcement process in the future, and the static law enforcement should be the result of the balance of comparative advantages.

　The "Measures" clearly stipulate the scope of urban management law enforcement, which is actually to solve the coordination problem of different departments in urban management law enforcement.The six types of law enforcement scope are the products of coordination with professional departments. To some extent, it is a principal-agent behavior of law enforcement between government departments, or a transfer of law enforcement power.

— —China Renmin University School of Public Administrationassociate professor

Li Wenzhao

　

　　Point 3: The competent urban management and law enforcement departments of municipalities directly under the Central Government and cities divided into districts can undertake the investigation and punishment of trans-regional and major and complex illegal cases.

　　Municipalities directly under the central government, designThe competent department of urban management law enforcement of a district city may send law enforcement agencies to municipal districts or streets. The agency shall perform urban management within its jurisdiction in the name of the competent department of urban management law enforcement that set up the agency.Law enforcement duties.

　　Point 4: Urban management should be certified, and the number of co-managers should be gradually reduced, and the consequences of law enforcement should be borne by the competent authorities.

　　Co-management personnel cooperate with law enforcement.Personnel engaged in publicity and education, inspection, information collection, illegal activities to discourage law enforcement and other auxiliary affairs. The legal consequences arising from the co-management personnel engaging in law enforcement auxiliary affairs shall be borne by the competent department of urban management law enforcement at the corresponding level. Urban managementThe competent department of law enforcement shall strictly observe the recruitment procedures, qualifications and codes of conduct of the co-management personnel.

　

　　Point 5: No unauthorized seizure of goods, and fines and confiscations shall be turned over to the state treasury.

　　If the seized or detained articles are illegal articles, they shall be transferred to the relevant departments.Handle. For fresh goods or other goods that are not easy to keep, the competent department of urban management and law enforcement may auction, sell or properly handle them according to law after retaining evidence. Urban management law enforcement departments shall not charge fees, fines and confiscations.Income as a source of funds; Fines, confiscation of illegal income or confiscation of illegal property auction funds shall be turned over to the state treasury in full in accordance with regulations.

　　Point 6: The whole process of law enforcement will be recorded, and the appraisal system for handling cases will be established.

　　Urban management law enforcement departments should establish and improve the whole process of law enforcement record system, law enforcement publicity system, administrative penalty discretion benchmark system, law enforcement case evaluation system, strictly implement the legal review system of major law enforcement decisions, and implement the administrative law enforcement responsibility system. 、

　　"measures"Make urban management law enforcement more institutionalized

　　In fact, when it comes to urban management, many people think of staging with vendors.“You run, you go and I’ll do it."of“Cat and mouse"State, is in different forms.“violent law-enforcement".Of course, in the process of law enforcement, urban management is sometimes a vulnerable group. There have been many bloody cases in which urban management team members were stabbed and killed.

　

　　This is to maintain urban order, but it often becomes the target of public criticism. Urban management law enforcement is recognized as "the most difficult thing in the world".What is the problem? One word: Fa!

　

　　For a long time, we have lacked a law to co-ordinate urban management, standardize law enforcement teams and restrain law enforcement behavior. Because the basis of urban management law enforcement is scattered in many departmental laws and regulations, in the face of urban management law enforcement, not onlyThe law enforcers don’t understand the basis of law enforcement, and the law enforcers themselves sometimes don’t know which law is supporting them.At the same time, "smile law enforcement", "flower law enforcement" and other pattern law enforcement methods emerge in endlessly, with different effects, highlighting the lack of law“myasthenia".

　

　　In the past, the identity and responsibilities of urban management law enforcement were unclear, and small business vendors were afraid of it, and urban management personnel also complained a lot.“Working as a policeman, taking the money of wage earners.". In the future,With a clear law enforcement boundary, the relationship between law enforcement and law enforcement will turn in a benign direction.

— — CCTV commentator Wang Jian

　

　　2015In, the urbanization rate of China has reached.56.1%, the permanent population of cities and towns reached.7.7100 million, the new urbanization will still be a major strategic task in China. With the promotion of new urbanization, the government’s management level needs to be improved accordingly, and refined urban management is the direction of urban management.

　　The premise of refined urban management is standardization, legalization and proceduralization. Through the promulgation of the Measures, the organization, law enforcement, digital platform, hotline, law enforcement coordination and urban management coordination of urban management are specified in detail, which points out the direction for refined urban management.

　　The introduction of norms is a kind of institutional innovation. Defining their respective rights and obligations through institutional innovation is conducive to more legitimacy of urban management and more recognition, cooperation and participation of the people.

— —China Renmin University School of Public Administrationassociate professor

Li Wenzhao

Expert: "Measures"》It still needs to be perfected

　　This "Urban Management Law Enforcement Measures (Draft for Comment)" can be said to have ushered in legal protection for urban management law enforcement, and alsoIt points out the direction for the refined management of the city.But experts believe that,There are still some "Draft for Comment"It is worthy of careful analysis and careful discussion.

　　city management≠Urban governance

　　In legislation, we should introduce the concept of "urban governance" and think about urban law enforcement from the perspective of "urban governance" instead of passive management. Efforts should be made to promote people’s active participation in urban governance, become the main body of urban governance, and consciously abide by various laws, regulations and rules of the city.Whether the "Measures" should use "urban management law enforcement" needs careful consideration.

　　put on an equal footing“Strict law enforcement"and“Promote law-abiding"

　　The existing "Measures" pay more attention to promoting the implementation of various laws, regulations, methods and rules of the city by exercising compulsory power and punishment power. In fact,We should also consider how to make urban citizens consciously abide by the law. Law enforcers need to assist citizens to abide by the law. Punishment is one of the tools, but it is not the only tool.

　　Legal clearance“Assistant manager"

　　Co-managers cannot be allowed to exist at the legal level, and putting an end to co-managers should be the direction.Once the coordinator is allowed to exist at the legal level, the seriousness of law enforcement is greatly reduced. On the contrary, the time schedule for retiring the assistant managers should be stipulated at the legal level.

　　It is necessary to clarify the organizational design of urban management law enforcement.

　　What is vertical management? Or territorial management? What is the agency? Or is it a territorial institution? How can different institutions work together? How to achieve cross-regional coordination? How to better allocate law enforcement agencies? These important institutions, personnel and other issues are not covered by laws and regulations.

— —China Renmin University School of Public Administrationassociate professor

Li Wenzhao

　

　　Urban management, the greatest difficulty and the highest art come from one“pipe/tube"Word.

　　On the one hand,Urban management is by no means "everything is handed over to urban management", let alone relying on urban management personnel to "fine" to solve problems.Some people have made rough statistics, and the urban management functions of urban management are as follows110Multiple items. Only by defining the functions of urban management and the boundaries of law enforcement through legal means can it be possible to make urban management law enforcement directional and flexible.

　　On the other hand,Urban management law enforcement should not be based on "management", but more importantly, it should serve the city, serve the residents and pay attention to people’s rights and well-being.Therefore, it is possible to standardize the law enforcement team and law enforcement behavior by law.“manage"towards“service"Change. The ultimate goal is for urban residents and managers to work together to create a good urban environment for common management and common life.

— — CCTV commentator Wang Jian

　

　　In real life, the first reaction that a phrase "the city management is coming" often brings to vendors is "running". This reflects the embarrassing public opinion environment and the great difficulty of law enforcement faced by urban management from one side.People expect that the promulgation of a law will enable urban management to do a good job in urban management with confidence, rationality and legality. The next time someone shouts "Urban Management is coming", people will understand that it is the service provider of the city!