With the hosting of the Winter Olympics

Skiing has attracted more and more attention.

Many sports enthusiasts walk into ski resorts.

Experience the freedom and excitement brought by skiing.

Let’s have a look together.

What legal risks should be paid attention to in skiing?

Case study

In the process of falling down the snowy road, because Joe hit Oumou during skiing, Oumou fell and caused a broken fracture of his right thigh and femoral shaft, and he was hospitalized for bone fracture surgery. Therefore, he sued the court and asked Qiao and A Ski Resort to compensate Ou for medical expenses and other expenses. After trial, the court held that Joe found that Ou Mou, who was taxiing nearby, failed to avoid it safely in time, resulting in contact between the two sides and injury to Ou Mou, and he should bear corresponding responsibilities. However, Oumou was only 10 years old at the time of the crime. His father took Oumou to ski on the high-risk intermediate slide, and let Oumou ski alone on the intermediate slide. He did not assist him or take corresponding protective measures. He did not fulfill his guardianship responsibility and did not submit evidence to prove his position and sliding order with Qiaomou at the time of the crime. He should also bear corresponding civil liabilities and reduce Qiaomou’s liability for compensation. As the manager of the ski resort, A Ski Resort failed to reasonably foresee the corresponding risks and remind them when minors entered the high-risk intermediate slide skiing alone, failed to fulfill their safety guarantee obligations, and had certain faults in the accident, so they should bear corresponding supplementary responsibilities.

Judge’s interpretation

1. Skiers are injured because the ski resort fails to fulfill its security obligations.

Law link:

Article 1198 of the Civil Code: Operators, managers or organizers of mass activities in hotels, shopping malls, banks, railway stations, airports, stadiums, entertainment places and other business places shall bear tort liability if they fail to fulfill their security obligations and cause damage to others.

If the behavior of a third party causes damage to others, the third party shall bear the tort liability; Operators, managers or organizers who fail to fulfill their security obligations shall bear corresponding supplementary responsibilities. Operators, managers or organizers may claim compensation from a third party after assuming supplementary responsibilities.

The judge suggested:

Ski resorts, as operators and managers of skiing activities, have the legal obligation to protect the personal and property safety of skiers during skiing. If they fail to provide evidence to prove that they have fulfilled their safety protection obligations, they should bear corresponding tort liability for the damage suffered by skiers. If skiers are at fault, the responsibility of ski resorts can be appropriately reduced. The hidden dangers and loopholes caused by the non-compliance of ski resorts may lead to injury accidents or the expansion of damage results. However, the failure of ski resorts to fulfill their security obligations is generally reflected in the field and the management of ski resorts. Site risk refers to that the site setting of the ski resort does not meet the corresponding standards, such as there are exposed debris, wires and other sundries on the snow surface, and there is no standard fence around the snow trail. The management of ski resorts is mainly reflected in the safety risks caused by unscientific and non-compliant management in the daily operation of ski resorts, such as the failure to clearly mark the level of ski resorts and the untimely rescue of dangers.

2. The skier was injured due to the third person.

Law link:

Article 175 of the Civil Code: The damage was caused by a third person, who should bear the tort liability.

Article 1179 of the Civil Code infringes upon others and causes personal injury, it shall compensate the reasonable expenses for treatment and rehabilitation, such as medical expenses, nursing expenses, transportation expenses, nutrition expenses, hospital food subsidies, and the income reduced due to absenteeism. If it causes disability, it shall also compensate for the cost of assistive devices and disability compensation; If death is caused, funeral expenses and death compensation shall also be paid.

The judge suggested:

The risk caused by a third person generally refers to the risk of collision between skiers due to their failure to fulfill their duty of care. When skiing, we should fully observe the changes of the surrounding environment, select the snow trail and training ground according to our own ability, and take reasonable avoidance measures during skiing to keep a safe distance. Ski resorts are also obliged to manage the safety of tourists, such as controlling the flow of people on the ski slopes and reducing or avoiding the potential risks of tourists when skiing. In case of collision during skiing, you should try to save the basic evidence on the spot, or apply for the surveillance video of the ski resort, so as to clarify the division of responsibilities between the two parties.

3. Skiers are injured due to their own reasons.

Law link:

Article 1165 of the Civil Code. If an actor infringes upon the civil rights and interests of others through fault and causes damage, he shall bear tort liability.

The judge suggested:

Skiers’ own risks are generally reflected in: the risk caused by skiing in a state that is not suitable for skiing, the risk caused by not wearing ski equipment according to regulations, the risk caused by choosing a slide beyond the technical level, and the risk caused by not paying due attention to the obligation when skiing. Skiers should bear the main responsibility for personal injury caused by their failure to fulfill their reasonable duty of care. During the operation of ski resorts, corresponding risk warnings should be made beside ski tickets and snow trails, and guardrails should be set up according to protection standards. Skiing is a very dangerous recreational activity. Skiers should buy insurance before skiing, wear protective gear when skiing, choose the trail that suits them, and go downhill step by step on the premise of ensuring safety.

Source: Beijing Fengtai Court

Original title: "[Going to the ice and snow together] must see before skiing! Please keep this legal risk warning for skiing.

On January 9th, the Exit-Entry Administration of Xi ‘an Public Security Bureau issued the first "five-star card" in Shaanxi Province (the new version of the permanent residence identity card of foreigners in the People’s Republic of China). Under the guidance of Shaanxi Branch of the People’s Bank of China, the business department of Xi ‘an High-tech Sub-branch of China Bank successfully opened the first personal bank settlement account for Mr. Han, a French teacher who was the first holder of the five-star card. This marks the official landing of the first financial business handled by Shaanxi Province with the "five-star card".

Since December 2023, the State Administration of Immigration has issued a new version of the permanent residence identity card for foreigners of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the permanent residence card). On the basis of maintaining the basic style of the current version, the new version of the permanent residence card has added a five-star element that reflects the national logo, so the new version of the permanent residence card is also called the "five-star card". After the new permanent residence permit is put into use, the holder can handle private affairs such as transportation, daily consumption and finance online through the Internet platform. The opening of the card further facilitates the holder’s work, study and life in China, which is a practical measure to ensure the country’s high-level opening to the outside world and improve the informatization level of foreigners’ management services, which is conducive to improving the quality and efficiency of immigration management services and better serving overseas talents to work, study and live in China.

Jia Xuejun, general manager of the Personal Digital Finance Department of China Bank Shaanxi Branch, said that as a specialized cross-border financial bank, China Bank Shaanxi Branch actively implemented the policy requirements of the National Immigration Bureau, the People’s Bank of China and the head office of China Bank, gave full play to its international advantages, and formulated a special financial service plan for overseas Chinese, which can provide many personal financial services such as account opening, foreign exchange settlement and sale, cross-border remittance, payment settlement, investment and wealth management. At present, the bank can also provide convenient online and offline trading channels such as manual counters, mobile banking and ATM self-service equipment at 281 outlets in the province.

"We not only provide professional and intimate financial services to the people around the outlets, but also handle one-stop cross-border financial services for foreign students, foreign employees and other people coming to China." Liu Mengmeng, financial manager of the business department of China Bank Xi ‘an High-tech Sub-branch, said that according to the latest policy, the new permanent residence certificate can be used as a valid certificate to directly open an account and handle business.(Reporter Yang Guang)

(Original title: Shaanxi’s first "five-star card" financial business landed in Xi’ an)

Generative AI is getting more and more popular. Is this really a good business?

Recently, AI painting is on fire.

By inputting some words, AI can generate an image that matches the words in a few seconds. These images are wild, and some are even bizarre. For example, people have extra fingers on their hands, and their fingers bend unnaturally. Even, AI can generate some meaningless billboards and alphabets that humans have never seen before.

Although AI painting is outrageous, it has set off a wave of science and technology: the spring of generative AI has come.

David Beisel, a venture capitalist at NextView Ventures, said that in the past three months, the word "generative AI" once became a hot word. Moreover, the generative AI technology has developed rapidly and the market enthusiasm is so high that many people even quit their jobs to start a business in this field.

There is no doubt that AI has been in a prosperous stage in the past five years or so, but most of these past advances have to do with understanding the existing data-for example, the AI model has been able to quickly and efficiently identify whether there are only cats in your mobile phone photos. However, the generative AI model generates something completely new that has never been seen before. In other words, generative AI is not just about analyzing existing data, but creating.

Boris Dayma, founder of Craiyon generative AI, believes that "generative AI is not only creating old images, but also creating many new things, which are completely different from what we have seen before."

Sequoia Capital also said in a blog post on its website: "Generative AI has the potential to create trillions of dollars in economic value." Sequoia Capital predicts that generative AI may change all industries that require human beings to create original works, from games to advertising to the legal profession. It is worth mentioning that Sequoia Capital also pointed out in its blog post that this message was partly written by GPT-3 (GPT-3 is a generative AI capable of generating text).

Working principle of generative AI

In the past, deep learning technology was widely used to train the model on large data sets. When the program understands the relationships in these data, the model can be applied to actual scenes, such as identifying whether there is a dog in a picture or translating text, and so on.

The working principle of the image generator is to reverse this process. For example, instead of translating English into French, it translates English phrases into images. Specifically, it usually has two main parts, one is to process initial phrases, and the other is to convert data into images.

At first, generative AI was based on a method called GAN, that is, the generative adversarial network. In essence, this method is to make two artificial intelligence models compete with each other to better create images that meet the target.

At present, generative AI is usually based on Transformer, such as image generator DALL-E and so on. DALL-E was first created by OpenAI in 2021, and in 2022, OpenAI released DALL-E 2.

Christian Cantrell, a developer who focuses on generative AI, said: "With DALL-E 2, we can really cross uncanny valley." (The Valley of Terror theory is a hypothesis about human perception of robots and non-human objects. It was put forward by Japanese robot expert Masahiro Mori in 1970. )

Another commonly used AI-based image generator is Craiyon (formerly known as DALL-E Mini), where users can enter phrases in the browser and see the illustrations it generates within a few minutes.

According to Dayma, since its launch in July 2021, Craiyon has produced about 10 million unprecedented pictures every day, which adds up to 1 billion. Earlier this year, the use of Crayon soared, and Dayma also took Crayon as its full-time job. In addition, Dayma has created a Twitter account to post the weirdest and most creative pictures generated by Craiyon. For example, ketchup comes out of the tap on the Italian sink.

In addition, Stable Diffusion has also received wide attention. The project was released in August this year and has been open source on GitHub. Developers can run the project on computers, not just in the cloud or through programming interfaces. For example, Stable Diffusion can be integrated into Adobe Photoshop by plug-in, allowing users to generate backgrounds and other parts of images, and use layers and other Photoshop tools to operate in applications.

Cantrell, the developer of the plug-in, said, "I want to meet these creative professionals, so that they can introduce artificial intelligence into their creative work, instead of destroying their work."

It is understood that Cantrell has worked for Adobe for 20 years. After leaving in 2022, Cantrell focused on the direction of generative AI. Cantrell said that Stable Diffusion has been downloaded tens of thousands of times, and artists told him that they used this plug-in in many unexpected places, such as making Godzilla animation or creating pictures of Spider-Man.

Start-up companies get together

Some investors regard generative AI as a potentially transformative change, just like the early development of smart phones or the Internet. This kind of transformation has greatly expanded the potential market of this technology.

"Before that, artificial intelligence was not unprecedented. Before 2007, we were not without mobile devices, "said Beisel, a seed investor." But at this moment, everything came together. The final consumer can experience and see something different from before. "

Cantrell believes that machine learning is similar to a more basic technology: database. "Machine learning is a bit like a database, which opens up a whole new world for network applications. All the applications we have used in our life are built on the database. But no one cares about how the database works. People only know how to use it. "

Michael Dempsey, managing partner of Compound VC, said that in the past, it was "very rare" for laboratory technology to enter the mainstream, but at present, generative AI has attracted wide attention of venture capitalists. Nevertheless, he warned that the current generative AI may be in the "curious stage" near the peak of the hype cycle, and the companies established at this stage may fail because they don’t focus on the specific uses that enterprises or consumers are willing to pay for.

Others in the industry believe that startups that can apply new technologies such as generative AI today may challenge technology giants such as Google, Meta and Microsoft in the future.

At present, many companies applying generative AI technology have already received large amount of financing, and their valuations have also risen. For example, earlier this year, Hugging Face was valued at $2 billion after receiving investments including Lux Capital and Sequoia Capital; OpenAI has also received more than $1 billion from Microsoft and Khosla Ventures.

In addition, according to Forbes, Stability AI, the developer of Stable Diffusion, is negotiating with investment institutions to raise up to $1 billion in venture capital.

Cloud vendors and chip vendors will benefit.

Besides start-ups, cloud service providers such as Amazon, Microsoft and Google can also benefit from it, because generative AI may require a huge amount of computation.

Meta and Google have also taken action and started recruiting talents. In September of this year, Meta released an artificial intelligence application called "Make-A-Video", which can generate videos, which makes the generative AI technology a step further.

"This is a great progress," Zuckerberg, CEO of Meta, posted on his Facebook page. "It is much more difficult to generate videos than photos, because besides correctly generating each pixel, the system must also predict how they will change over time."

Recently, Google matched with Meta and released a program code called Phenaki, which can also convert text into video and generate several minutes of footage.

This craze may also boost chip manufacturers such as Nvidia, AMD and Intel, because the advanced graphics processors produced by these companies are ideal for training and deploying artificial intelligence models.

At a recent meeting, Huang Renxun, CEO of Nvidia, emphasized that generative AI is the key use of the company’s latest chip, and he said that this kind of program may "revolutionize communication" soon.

At present, there are not many uses of generative AI that can generate commercial benefits. Many exciting breakthroughs today come from free or low-cost experiments. For example, some writers have tried to use image generator to generate images for articles. An example of Nvidia is to use a model to generate new 3D images, including people, animals, vehicles or furniture, which can be filled into the virtual game world.

Ethical issues can not be ignored.

While generating AI excites the industry, the ethical issues it brings are also worthy of attention.

The first is employment. Compared with professional illustrators, generative AI is obviously cheaper. Therefore, generative AI is likely to rob artists, video producers and other people engaged in creative work of their "rice bowls".

In addition, there are complex problems in originality and ownership of the content created by generative AI.

Generated AI is trained on a large number of images. Therefore, it is still controversial whether the creator of the original image has copyright requirements for the generated new image.

Some time ago, an artist won an art competition in Colorado, and his winning image was created by a generative AI named MidJourney. After winning, the artist said in an interview that he selected one image from hundreds of images generated by himself and post-processed it in Photoshop.

It is worth mentioning that some images generated by Stable Diffusion are watermarked, which indicates that some of the original data sets are copyrighted. Previously, Getty Images (a picture trading company based in Seattle, USA) announced that it was forbidden for users to upload generated AI pictures to its picture library, because the company was worried that there might be some copyright problems in such pictures. .

With the improvement of image generation software, generative AI may also deceive users, make them believe false information, or display images or videos of events that never happened.

In addition, developers must also deal with the possibility that models trained on a large amount of data may have biases related to gender, race or culture contained in the data, which may cause the models to show such biases in their outputs.

Original link:

Source: AI Frontline, author: Kif Leswing. If there is any infringement, please contact to delete it.

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Disclaimer: The content of the article is comprehensive from the Internet, sharing only, and the copyright belongs to the original author! Intersection If there is any infringement, please contact us, we will deal with it as soon as possible!

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"Greenland · Kangmei Valley" renderings

1 international health life service complex

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Real view of business clubs

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Gym renderings

"Greenland Kangmei Valley" club renderings

Club effect chart

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New landmark of South Shanghai Portal

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"Greenland · Kangmei Valley" real -life picture

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"Greenland Kangmei Valley"

Unit Figure Reference

Model stem effect map

Model stem effect map

Model stem effect map

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Shanghai fish

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