On April 18th, the Information Office of Shanghai Municipal People’s Government held a press conference on epidemic prevention and control to introduce the latest situation.

　　A reporter asked: can you ask experts to introduce how to correctly kill at home and in the office? Everyone has stockpiled some disinfection supplies. How to store them safely? How long is the shelf life of commonly used disinfection products?

　　Tian Liang, chief physician of the Institute of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control and the Department of Disinfection and Infection Control of Shanghai CDC, responded that we need to follow several principles in carrying out disinfection at home and in the office. First, the principle of cleaning first and disinfection second: under normal circumstances, do a good job in environmental cleaning, and carry out disinfection for links and objects with real risks. Disinfection should be carried out on the premise of completing cleaning. Second, the principle of giving priority to physical methods, supplemented by chemical methods: giving priority to the use of disinfection methods including window ventilation, mechanical ventilation, heating and boiling, and sun exposure. Third, the principle of combining preventive disinfection with disinfection at any time: disinfect all kinds of articles, elevators, handrails, toilets, etc. daily, once or twice a day. In case of pollution, carry out disinfection at any time and clean hands at any time. Fourth, the principle that the disinfection intensity is consistent with the risk level: the disinfection frequency can be higher for articles that are frequently contacted, the disinfection concentration of seriously polluted objects can be appropriately increased, and the disinfection time can be appropriately extended. Fifth, do personal protection during disinfection, not only to prevent pathogen infection, but also to prevent the stimulation and damage of disinfectant to people.

　　There are several common disinfection misunderstandings:

　　First, spray disinfectant on vegetables and fruits — — Usually, the outer packaging of fruits and vegetables can be disinfected, and the fruits and vegetables themselves only need to be cleaned. It is not recommended to use chemical disinfectants for disinfection, so as not to affect food safety and taste. If disinfection is really necessary, you can use disinfectants with fruits and vegetables on file. After soaking for 10-30 minutes according to the concentration in the instructions, rinse with clear water to remove the residual disinfectant.

　　Second, the higher the concentration of disinfectant, the better — — When using disinfectant, make correct configuration according to the concentration of the corresponding object in the instruction. The concentration of disinfectant is not as high as possible, and high concentration disinfectant usually has more side effects such as corrosiveness and irritation, and the workload of removing residues will be greater.

　　Third, spray disinfectant on people and clothes — — Generally speaking, the personal coat is less likely to carry Covid-19; Secondly, when chemical disinfectant is directly sprayed on human body, on the one hand, it will cause irritation and damage to people, and at the same time, because the spraying time is too short and the spraying amount is too small, it can not achieve disinfection effect.

　　Fourth, use humidifiers indoors for "preventive air disinfection" — — On the one hand, the disinfection effect of this method is difficult to guarantee, on the other hand, people are easily hurt by disinfectants, such as respiratory irritation, burns and allergies, which is also a misunderstanding.

　　During the epidemic period, people may have hoarded some disinfection products. When storing disinfectants, they should pay attention to safe storage, sealing and keeping them away from light. Disinfectants should not be placed in bedrooms, kitchens and other places. If there are children at home, children should also be prevented from taking and eating by mistake.

　　The commonly used disinfection products usually has a shelf life of about 2 years before it is opened. After unsealing, it is suggested that alcohol disinfectants should be used up within one month, and other disinfectants should be used up within two months. If it is a diluted disinfectant, it is recommended to use it on the same day.

In 2018, the original animation "Wu Liuqi" produced in Shanghai was born. With its unique style and touching story, it quickly accumulated the first batch of loyal fans. In the second quarter of 2019, "The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu Liuqi" was broadcast, and the popularity and reputation rose again. The animation in the two seasons won the praise of Douban with 8.9 points and 9.2 points. With the announcement of the Magnolia Award in this year’s Shanghai TV Festival, the second season of Wu 67, The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu 67, became the only original animation in China that won the Magnolia Award for Best Animation Script in recent five years.

Award-winning poster of "The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu Liuqi"

"The Strongest Hairstylist of May 67 th combines many elements of online culture, which is casual, simple and fashionable. It is a bold and innovative work with a narrative style." The international judges of this year’s Magnolia Award and well-known animators in the industry all praised the works. John Derderian, head of Netflix Animation, also thinks it is "a high-quality work that has the opportunity to arouse the resonance and favor of animation fans all over the world".

How can an original animated series in China "show the world well" on the basis of retaining its own China characteristics? As a practitioner of China’s cultural and creative industries, Zou Shasha, founder and CEO of Aha Entertainment, producer and producer of Wu Liuqi, shared her feelings.

Zou Shasha

Based on Shanghai, Building a "Talent Platform" for Content Industry

Zou Shasha chose to settle Aha Entertainment in Shanghai before, which is because he took a fancy to the deep animation foundation of this city. China’s first self-made cartoon "Make a scene in the Studio" was brought by Shanghai Wan Brothers, which was released two years earlier than Mickey Mouse of Disney in the United States. Shanghai Animation Film Studio has created a series of excellent original animations of China, which has accompanied the growth of several generations and influenced a large number of animation creators at home and abroad internationally. In recent years, the Shanghai government has also issued many policies, which have greatly supported the animation industry in terms of capital and resources.

"China animation and other story forms need to continue to explore the upgrading in three dimensions: aesthetic presentation, cultural transmission and human thinking, in order to enhance the competitiveness of works in the process of globalization." Zou Shasha introduced that in terms of aesthetic presentation, Wu Liuqi insisted on its own system, "neither American nor Japanese", and explored the aesthetic road with China characteristics. In terms of cultural transmission, "Wu 67" integrates China culture into the plot, with distinct China elements and strong local characteristics, and at the same time, it has international narration. In terms of human thinking, Wu Liuqi takes the protagonist Wu Liuqi’s search for lost memories as the main line of the story, and tells the story that the protagonist uses love and tolerance to resolve hatred and prejudice in the process of helping others and finding himself. "The work takes love and tolerance as the core, and conveys the love for life while bringing joy to the audience. Such a theme can cross national and national boundaries." Zou Shasha said.

Stills of "The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu Liuqi"

In addition to continuously creating high-quality boutique content and building a comprehensive and international content ecology, Aha Entertainment is also committed to discovering and supporting young creators with potential in China. For example, He Xiaofeng, who cast Wu Liuqi, is a very creative director, who not only arranged for the director, screenwriter and camera, but also acted as the voice of the protagonist Wu Liuqi.

Up to now, the "567" animation has been played more than 3 billion times on the whole network, and it has also been shortlisted as the main competition unit of the French Anxi International Animation Film Festival, which is known as the "Oscar in animation". At the beginning of this year, "Wu Liu Qi" even reached a global distribution cooperation with Netflix, and landed in more than 190 countries and regions around the world as the first Netflix Original animated series in China. On May 7th, The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu Liuqi landed on Netflix again, which was the second invitation sent to Wu Liuqi by the world’s top streaming media platform based on its performance, which also meant that Wu Liuqi had told a China story to the world audience, and this story will continue to be told.

Netflix finalized poster of "The Strongest Hairstylist of 567"

Make good use of stories to explore the maximum value of China’s cultural and creative content.

According to statistics, the largest overseas audience of "567" is English-speaking countries, and the total number of fans in the United States and Canada accounts for 35% of the total overseas fans, followed by South America, Europe, and then Japan and Southeast Asia. Netflix itself has always been open to content cooperation in China. In fact, many overseas manufacturers and institutions do not have a particularly obvious understanding of national boundaries and regions, and they are more content-oriented. Zou Shasha said that at present, "donghua" has been used overseas to refer to China animation, just as animation refers to Japanese animation. YouTube also has a well-known kol to comment on China animation in English, which shows that the influence of China animation in overseas markets is gradually rising.

The popularity of "Wu Liu Qi" in Netflix further proves that China, with a history of 5,000 years, has never lacked the source of good stories. However, going to sea is not the ultimate goal, but a way to maximize the value of China’s cultural and creative content. In the future, while improving the level of industrial production and cultivating the long-term vitality of the content, we should also consider the benign interaction between business and content, so that excellent content can have the ability of "automatic hematopoiesis".

Stills of "The Strongest Hairstylist of Wu Liuqi"

In addition to animated series, other IP derivatives such as comics, movies, games, stage plays, publications, live-action film and television dramas, derivatives, music and offline performances are all under planning. The third season of "567" animation is planned to be launched at the end of this year, and then I hope to maintain the rhythm of updating one season every year; At the end of last year, the first comic book "Wu 67: Black and White Ssangyong" based on different protagonists in the world view of Wu 67 was serialized, and there are plans to make it an independent IP in the future; At the same time, four animated cinema films of "Wu Liuqi" have entered the development stage, and the first set of book publications of "Wu Liuqi" will soon be published in more than 3,000 offline bookstores; The "Wu Liu Qi" series hand-made jointly with Bandai Nanmeng Palace in Japan is in hot sale, and there will be more brand-new hand-made launches in the future; Up to now, "567" has reached a linkage authorization with six games, and the linkage version with ByteDance’s popular mobile game "My Kung Fu is awesome" has just been launched.

Netflix launched in the second season of "Wu Liu Qi"

In the past, when talking about IP, people always talked about "Disney Empire" and "Marvel Universe". Zou Shasha hopes that "Wu Liu Qi" can be used as a cultural symbol of China belonging to this era, and accompany audiences of different ages through different IP forms. "The growth space of this’ Shanghai-made’ original animation work is not only in the China market, but also in the future, it will have the opportunity to make the vast global market a consumer market for cultural content and business in China."

Original Sara Novak Neuroreality is included in the topic # Depth | Deep-diving 320 # Cognitive Science 100.

The concept of "clean diet" has a broad definition in the field of health. From strict vegetarianism or fish element * to ketogenic diet or gluten-free diet-we often define ourselves by the kinds of food we eat. Sometimes, whether we give up dairy products or only eat organic food, our strict dietary preferences may turn into some degree of compulsive behavior. As for people suffering from orthorexia, it may become dangerous to be unable to eat any food that they think is unhealthy.

* Translator’s note

It means that all meat is forbidden except fish.

Health food disorder is an eating disorder characterized by refusing to eat anything that is considered "impure" or "unclean". Terri Griffith [2], a clinical coordinator of Shepard Pratt’s Eating Disorder Center, said: "People with healthy food disorders are particularly concerned that they can only have healthy food in their bodies, and they have an unhealthy compulsion for the quality of food." She added that this is a relatively new obstacle, but gradually there has been more and more discussion about it.

– Jeannie Phan –

This concern may also escalate into neurosis. For example, when a person with healthy food syndrome attends a party and there is no food that meets their specific clean eating standards, they may not eat at all. According to Griffith, a clean diet is ok, and this strict standard is the problem. It may start with someone choosing to eat only a certain kind of food, such as a strict vegetarian diet or a low-carbon water diet, but it often develops to exclude the whole food group until the diet becomes too strict.

For people who are more prone to eating disorders, this food exclusion may be an inducement-and the epidemic has made the situation worse. Lauren Smolar, senior director of the American Eating Disorder Association [3] program, explained that patients who are already in the recovery stage may relapse due to various epidemic-related stress factors. In addition, people who could have received treatment may find it difficult to get the help they need because of the blockade, which may make their situation worse and it will be more difficult to recover in the future.

Discussion on diagnosis

Smolar said: "In the end, healthy food disease can lead to serious consequences, including malnutrition and other serious health problems."

For example, this calorie restriction may lead to cardiovascular problems-when the body can’t get enough calories, it begins to break down its own tissues and muscles. And because the heart is a muscle, malnutrition may lead to a weak and slow pulse. Calorie restriction may also lead to gastrointestinal problems and amenorrhea.

Griffith said that patients with healthy food disorders who visit eating disorder centers are usually diagnosed as anorexia)[4] nervosa [4], simply because healthy food disorders are not defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [5] (DSM, which is well known to mental health experts). Although these patients will strictly limit calories, they do not simply limit calorie intake, but adopt critical standards to choose foods that they think are healthy.

– Yuko Furusho –

According to Griffith, it is important to introduce patients to foods outside their comfort zone. She said: "We want to reduce the stigma of’ certain types of food are harmful to them’. We expose them to more diverse foods so that they can become more adaptable to them. "

Smolar added that it is not clear when the health food disease can get its own diagnosis. She said: "There is still disagreement in the literature about whether healthy food disorder is a special eating disorder or related to obsessive-compulsive disorder, so doctors and health experts are still discussing how to advance the next step. “

The nature of this disease makes the diagnosis more difficult to define. Patients not only care about calorie restriction [6], but also want to ensure that their diet consists of certain foods, which is considered by some mental health experts as a feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder. This also makes it difficult for experts to measure the prevalence of health food disease-in different estimates [7], this ratio is as low as less than 7% of the Italian population and as high as nearly 90% of Brazilian students. But Smolar said that this should not affect the way it is treated, and it still needs the professional help of psychologists.

Although health food disease is not a diagnosis, it is clear that the discussion around this obstacle is advancing. It is a cultural trend to pay special attention to what is in the food we eat, but sometimes it may go too far-after all, the pursuit of health will go too far.

references

[1] https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/what-science-says-about-athletes-going-vegan

[2] https://www.sheppardpratt.org/why-sheppard-pratt/our-experts/details/terri-griffith-psyd/

[3] https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org

[4] https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/a-large-genetic-study-of-anorexia-may-begin-yielding-clues-to-treatment

[5] https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm

[6] https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/calorie-restricted-diets-may-not-live-up-to-the-hype

[7] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8160773/

Author: Sara Novak | Translator: Meat | Proofreading: Old orange

Editor: Pheasant | Typesetting: Yo Yo Yo | Cover: Daniele Simonelli

Original text:

https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/orthorexia-when-health-consciousness-goes-too-far

Read the original text

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On October 12th, on the occasion of the International Day for the Blind, Fuyang Experimental Primary School in Anhui Province launched an educational activity with the theme of "Experience the life of the blind, and care begins with you and me", and organized students to walk blindfolded with crutches accompanied by teachers, and experience the hardships of the life of the blind in the dark, so as to cultivate children’s awareness of caring for the blind, caring for the blind and actively helping the blind around them. At the same time, it also aims to appeal to the public to consciously give up the blind road and let the blind walk smoothly. China Education News-China Education News Network (photo by correspondent Wang Biao)

　　Guangzhou Daily News (all-media reporter Tu Duanyu) Imported drugs are "galloping" into the China market, and the fastest one only needs to wait for a few more months. A few days ago, Yang Zhimin, director of the Clinical Department of Chemical Medicine of National Medical Products Administration Drug Evaluation Center, revealed in an interview with CCTV that drugs that have been proved to be effective for advanced tumors will be included in the priority review. From the current situation, the priority review time can be shortened to 4-6 months for approval. In the face of the influx of imported drugs, domestic generic drugs will take the "cost-effective" route to meet the challenge.

　　New drugs are expected to enter the China market within six months.

　　CCTV reported that China has accelerated the review and approval of drugs for major diseases, such as malignant tumors, drugs for children, drugs for frequently-occurring diseases in the elderly, drugs for rare diseases, and drugs in clinical shortage, by introducing measures such as giving priority to review and approval and optimizing procedures for drugs with obvious clinical advantages. It is understood that National Medical Products Administration has started to organize experts to study and classify 201 new drugs under review and approval and 138 new drugs that have not been declared in China, totaling 339 new drugs, and to screen out drugs for rare diseases and drugs with serious life-threatening clinical needs (including anticancer drugs). For these drugs, if the applicant thinks that there is no racial difference, he can submit all overseas research materials, ethnic difference research materials and post-marketing research materials obtained in other countries and directly declare them for listing. For the above drugs, National Medical Products Administration will concentrate on the evaluation and speed up the evaluation.

　　It is reported that seven new drugs for preventing and treating serious life-threatening diseases, such as nine-valent cervical cancer vaccine, have recently been listed in China, and other international first-line drugs are expected to enter the China market within six months at the earliest.

　　Not long ago, Jiao Hong, director of National Medical Products Administration, also stated that the speed of listing of imported drugs would be accelerated. According to its introduction, in the past ten years, there were 415 new drugs listed in the United States, the European Union and Japan, of which 76 were listed in China, and 201 were in the stage of clinical trials and (listing) declaration in China.

　　In fact, at the end of last year, the former State Food and Drug Administration issued a new version of the Opinions on Encouraging Drug Innovation to Implement Priority Review and Approval, further delineating the scope of the "green channel" for drugs. The opinion pointed out that all applications for drug registration with obvious clinical advantages for the prevention and treatment of AIDS, viral hepatitis, rare diseases, malignant tumors and children’s diseases can enter the "green channel" for priority review, and seven applications for drug registration with obvious clinical value can also get the qualification for review first, including the use of advanced preparation technology, innovative treatment methods and drug registration applications with obvious therapeutic advantages.

　　China’s generic drug evaluation and approval accelerated.

　　At the same time, we must strictly control the speed.

　　The opinion requires that the drug testing center should establish a meeting communication mechanism and online consultation platform with the applicant for the application for registration of new drugs with priority review and approval, and will give priority to the verification of the authenticity of drug clinical trial data. Once the application materials are falsified, the applicant will be deprived of the qualification to submit applications for priority review of other varieties within 3 years.

　　Seeing a large number of imported drugs "Enemy at the Gates", how to deal with domestic drugs?

　　At present, National Medical Products Administration is encouraging domestic drugs to pass the consistency evaluation of generic drugs’ quality and efficacy, so as to partially replace imported drugs in clinic and reduce the burden of medical insurance and the economic pressure of patients through the route of "high cost performance".

　　It is understood that the consistency evaluation and approval of generic drugs in China has also entered an accelerated period. Just at the end of last month, National Medical Products Administration announced the fifth batch of 16 drug specifications that passed the consistency evaluation of generic drugs’ quality and efficacy. So far, 57 drug specifications have passed the consistency evaluation of generic drugs. Since May this year, the number of consistency evaluation drugs accepted every month has tripled.

　　In order to respond to the State Council’s opinion that "medical institutions should give priority to purchasing and using drugs that have passed the consistency evaluation", more and more provinces began to introduce incentive policies and take special procurement measures for varieties that have passed the consistency evaluation.

　　An industry observer said that China pushed generic drugs and original drugs to pass the consistency evaluation in quality and efficacy, and supported domestic high-quality generic drugs from medical insurance, taxation, procurement and other aspects in a "multi-pronged" way, encouraging pharmaceutical companies to dare to compete for the market share of original drugs, so as to realize "a hundred flowers blossom" in the market — — Both imported new drugs and "cost-effective" generic drugs are available.

　　Beijing, Jan. 8 (Xinhua) According to foreign media reports, American astronomers recently discovered the densest supermassive black hole group in the history of human cosmic observation by using X-ray images observed by high-tech telescopes.

　　According to reports, astronomers use the observation data of NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and India’s Giant Meter Wave Radio Telescope to make X-ray pictures.

　　According to the density standard of the earth, the density of black holes is equivalent to about 5000 earths distributed on the surface of the whole moon. The findings were announced at the meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Texas last week.

　　At the meeting, experts also published the results of another study of galaxy clusters. Researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics found that two giant galaxy clusters, abel 3411 and abel 3412, which are about 20 billion light-years away from the Earth, collided with neighboring supermassive black holes, and the hot gas layers of the two galaxy clusters penetrated each other, with the high energy of the particles being "rare in the universe".

　　It is reported that astronomers therefore described the phenomenon as an "amazing cosmic particle accelerator".

In the process of car purchase, key information such as gearbox type and accident history are often deliberately concealed. passFrame number inquiry vehicle type, you can accurately grasp the real configuration of the vehicle and avoid being misled by problems such as "shrinking configuration" or "accidental renovation". This article will introduce five practical methods to help you through.Frame number inquiry vehicle typeFully understand the vehicle information.

Frame number (code)Is the unique identification of the vehicle, throughCar frame number check vehicle type, you can get the following core information:

• Configuration of gearbox type (AT/CVT/DCT), driving mode, etc.
• The place of origin, date of production and whether it is an imported car;
• Vehicle condition data such as accident records, maintenance history and recall information.

Mainstream automobile brands (such as,, Volkswagen) all support official website.Car frame number check vehicle type. Enter the 17-digit VIN code, and you can get detailed information such as vehicle factory configuration, gearbox type, etc.

operating procedure：

1. Visit the brand official website and find the "vehicle inquiry" entrance;

2. Enter the frame number and submit the query;

3. The system returns the vehicle parameters, focusing on checking the gearbox model.

superiority: The data comes directly from the manufacturer, which is suitable for verifying the authenticity of the configuration.

Third-party platforms (such as [Road Check Vehicle Condition]) integrate information such as vehicle configuration, accident records and maintenance history. passCar frame number check vehicle type, which can generate vehicle comprehensive report with one click.

operating procedure：

1. Pay attention to [road check car condition];

2, click on the menu bar "VINCar frame number check vehicle type”；

3. Enter the frame number to obtain the detailed report of the vehicle.

superiority: comprehensive information, suitable for used car trading scenarios.

Through the official after-sales system of brand 4S storesCar frame number check vehicle type, you can query vehicle maintenance records, recall information and original configuration sheets.

operating procedure：

1. Bring the vehicle certificate to the 4S shop;

2. Provide the frame number and apply for inquiring the after-sales files;

3. Check whether the model is consistent with the publicity.

superiority: data authority, suitable for verifying whether the configuration has been tampered with.

The vehicle nameplate (located in the engine compartment or door frame) indicates the frame number, production date, engine model and other information. combineCar frame number check vehicle typeThe online results can cross-verify the authenticity of the data.

operating procedure：

1, find the vehicle nameplate, record the frame number and engine model;

2. Query the configuration through or official website;

3. Compare whether the real vehicle is consistent with the query results.

superiority: Double verification of real vehicle and data to avoid information tampering.

Some car apps provideCar frame number check vehicle typeFunction, combined with the measured data of users, can judge the word-of-mouth and fuel consumption performance of gearbox.

operating procedure：

1. Download the APP and register;

2, input the frame number, query configuration and user evaluation;

3. Focus on the long-term reliability feedback of gearbox.

superiority: Combined with the evaluation of real car owners to assist decision-making.

characteristicPower is transmitted through hydraulic torque converter with mature technology and high reliability.
superioritySmooth shifting, low failure rate and strong adaptability.
disadvantaged: The structure is complicated and the fuel consumption is slightly higher.
Applicable scenario: users who commute in cities, drive long distances and pay attention to durability.

characteristicThe stepless speed change is realized by steel belt and bevel wheel, and there is no gear shift setback in theory.
superiorityGood fuel economy and smooth driving.
disadvantaged: Easy to slip under high load, with average durability.
Applicable scenario: users who travel in cities and pursue low fuel consumption.

characteristic: Two sets of clutches work alternately, and the shifting speed is extremely fast.
superiorityFast dynamic response and high transmission efficiency.
disadvantagedLow speed and high risk of overheating.
Applicable scenario: users who pursue driving pleasure and often run at high speed.

1. Reliability verification
The old AT gearboxes (such as Toyota 4AT and Volkswagen 6AT) have experienced many years of market tests, and the failure rate is extremely low. However, some new models (especially dry models) have design defects, which are prone to frustration and abnormal sound.

2, the maintenance cost is low
AT gearbox maintenance technology is mature and accessories are popular. If the double clutch fails, the maintenance cost may be as high as tens of thousands of yuan.

3. Urban driving experience
AT gearbox is more calm in congested road conditions, while dual clutch is prone to frustration due to frequent gear shifting at low speed.

4. The hedge ratio is higher.
The models equipped with AT gearbox are more popular in the second-hand market, and the salvage value rate is generally higher than that of dual-clutch models.

1. Novice driver/city commuter
recommend: CVT or AT
reason: CVT has low fuel consumption and simple operation; AT is smooth and durable, suitable for complex road conditions.

2, driving enthusiasts/the pursuit of control
recommend: DCT or high performance AT
reason: DCT shifts gears quickly and is suitable for intense driving; High-performance AT (such as BMW 8AT) gives consideration to smoothness and movement.

3. Long-distance driving/load demand
recommend: AT or wet DCT
reason: AT has strong stability; Wet DCT has better heat dissipation and is suitable for high-load scenarios.

4. Limited budget/used car users
recommend: Old AT
reason: cheap maintenance, easy to find accessories and lower long-term cost.

In the process of buying a car,Car frame number check vehicle typeIs the key to avoiding risks. Through the five methods introduced in this paper, you can fully grasp the vehicle information and avoid the "problem car". Remember: buying a car needs rationality, the frame number is the bottom line, and the real car is the core. Use it wellCar frame number check vehicle typeLet every budget be spent on the cutting edge!

Recently, because of the news that "Sun Nan’s daughter was sent to Durban by her stepmother", Durban has once again appeared in people’s field of vision. Female Durban first appeared in the news on September 21, 2014. Voice of China News Night reported that "Never fight back, scold back, submit to adversity and never divorce". These 16 words were described as the four basic principles of "female morality" advocated by the school. This kind of female Durban blooms all over the country, from Beijing, Shandong and Hebei to Shaanxi, Guangdong and Hainan. In the summer of 2018, someone in Wenzhou called a group of children aged 8 to 13 to attend Durban in the name of parent-child summer camp. They make children kneel in class and teach them sensational views on female morality.

Do South Korea and Japan, both in the East Asian cultural circle, have such a female Durban?

According to the author, South Korea and Japan do not have such a so-called women’s Durban, but the two governments have opened women’s clubs for women to learn traditional culture and housework skills. Women’s clubs in Korea and Japan are not only for women to learn to be housewives, but also for developing women’s abilities and improving women’s happiness.

Art Festival held by the Women’s Guild in Guiyang District, Incheon, South Korea. The picture comes from the blog of the Women’s Guild in this district.

Women’s Clubs and Women’s Development Institutes in Korea

The Women’s Club is a social welfare and educational institution for women set up by the Korean government. Korean women’s clubs were originally called women’s welfare halls or women’s career halls, and now some of them have been renamed women’s development centers. At that time, the Korean government established the Korean Social Welfare Consultative Council in February 1952 and the National Women’s Protection Federation in November 1955.

After the 1960s, the Korean government officially started to improve national welfare, and in November 1963, the Korean government enacted laws related to social security. While the national living environment in South Korea is rising, the Korean government has begun to focus on the living conditions of Korean women. In order to improve women’s ability and promote women to enter the society, the Korean government has set up women’s clubs in administrative units at all levels. Up to now, there are 119 public women’s clubs and 10 private women’s clubs in Korea.

Exterior of Busan Women’s Club

Take the capital of South Korea as an example. In November 1959, Seoul City Government (now Seoul) set up a women’s welfare hall and a women’s career hall respectively. In 1979, the two halls were merged into one institution. In September 1996, the women’s clubhouse was renamed as a women’s development center, and four branches were set up in the city. In September, 2003, the Seoul Metropolitan Government officially passed the Regulations on the Establishment of Women’s Development Centers, which mentioned that "Women’s Development Centers should provide lifelong education for women, so as to enhance women’s ability, let women actively participate in social life and improve their quality of life".

Activities organized by women’s clubs all over Korea

Korean women’s clubs represent the importance that the Korean government attaches to the development of women’s social welfare. Most of the funds for women’s clubs come from the government and social organizations. The Women’s Guild Hall mainly offers family etiquette courses, food, clothing, housing and housework courses, yoga courses, technical training courses, etc. for women aged 13-55, and also launches public welfare activities such as consumer protection publicity. There are generally auditoriums and rooms in women’s clubs, which provide convenience for women to carry out various activities inside. Recently, the main task of the Korean Women’s Guild Hall is to improve women’s employability, especially for women without skills, providing a variety of technical training courses. The women’s club will announce the course information and registration method to the public in advance, and the training period of a course is four months.

Some courses and tuition fees recently offered by Busan Women’s Club.

In addition, the Korean government established the Korean Women’s Development Institute in order to investigate and study women-related issues, conduct education and training aimed at developing women’s abilities and support women’s activities, and contribute to improving women’s participation and welfare.

The Korea Women’s Development Institute was established in 1983 according to the Korean Women’s Development Institute Act, and it is a specialized institution for women’s issues funded by the government. The women’s development institute aims to change the traditional Korean awareness of women’s differences and realize a society of equality between men and women. That is, to create a social environment in which men and women are jointly involved and responsible, to improve the laws and systems related to the differences between men and women in Korean society, to expand women’s participation in the process of government policy-making, to improve the political status of Korean women, to realize women’s self-worth, and to improve the quality of life.

Japan female education club

In the 1970s, Japanese women’s daily study place was the "Citizen’s Pavilion", while the place where Japanese women carried out group activities was the Women’s Guild Hall, with more than 50 in China. In 1977, in response to the long-standing demands of women educators such as women’s groups, the Ministry of Education of Japan established the only national professional institution for women’s education in Japan, with the aim of systematizing various measures related to women’s education.

The chart shows the strategy of Sakai city government in Japan for cities and employment in 2017.assessment report, which evaluates the women’s reading club.

At the beginning, the purpose of the guild hall was to "carry out practical training for women educators, carry out professional investigation and research related to women’s education, so as to revitalize women’s education". It was established as a comprehensive lifelong education institution for adults with information centers and international conference venues and other related facilities and equipment. There are four main functions of the guild hall: training, communication (including international communication), investigation and research and information supply related to women’s education and family education. There are two projects in the clubhouse: hosting projects and providing services to people who study for life through clubhouse facilities.

Since 1980, the guild hall has hosted lectures on women’s studies. At first, the lectures mainly introduced women’s studies, but through joint planning with women’s studies staff, it has gradually become an information exchange place for providing women’s studies research and educational practice activities, and has become a bridge between women’s studies theory and practice, making contributions to popularizing women’s studies research, education and learning in Japanese higher education and social education. The research on women’s education and family education carried out by the guild hall has two characteristics: one is interdisciplinary, and the other is practical. The joint research undertaken by scholars and practitioners in related research fields has created practical results that are not bound by existing academic circles.

References:

1. A veritable training base for women-Korea Women’s Development Institute, Park Zhemo.

2. Exploration of Japanese National Women’s Education Center on Women’s Studies and Gender Issues, Ono Yao, Series on Women’s Studies, July 2003.

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　　[In-depth study, publicity and implementation of the spirit of the 20th Party Congress]

　　Author: Bai Xianliang (research fellow of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Theoretical System Research Center, vice president of Hainan Normal University)

　　Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward that "why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can and why Socialism with Chinese characteristics is good, in the final analysis, it is a Marxist line, and it is a Marxist line with China times". This important exposition not only brilliantly expounds the dialectical relationship among "why the Communist Party of China (CPC) can", "why Marxism works" and "why Socialism with Chinese characteristics is good", but also profoundly expounds the internal logic of Marxism, and reveals the inherent law and historical necessity of the modernization of Marxism in China. It is of great significance for the Party to hold high the great banner, strengthen its faith, grasp the historical initiative and write a glorious chapter in the new era to profoundly grasp the rich connotation of this important exposition.

　　1. Contains profound basic principles of Marxism.

　　To say "Marxism is good" means that Marxism is feasible and useful in practice and can stand the test of practice. To say "in the final analysis, it’s a Marxist line, which is China-oriented and modernized" emphasizes that Marxism is fundamental in the practice that has been proved, and on the other hand, it emphasizes that Marxism that has been proved is concrete rather than abstract, developing rather than constant, and contains profound basic principles of Marxism.

　　Ideological theory has a leading role in practical practice. Human beings always carry out practical activities under the control and guidance of certain ideological theories. What kind of ideas, theories, there will be what kind of practical activities. Lenin profoundly pointed out that without revolutionary theory, there would be no revolutionary movement. Marxist scientific theory is fundamental and leading to the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s revolution, construction and reform. Before Marxism was introduced into China, the people of China struggled in the dark to save the country and the people, and all their struggles ended in failure. The October Revolution brought Marxism–Leninism to China, which pointed out the way forward and provided a brand-new choice for the people of China who were struggling to find a way out to save the nation. It was under the guidance of Marxism that the Communist Party of China (CPC) opened up the correct road of revolution, construction and reform, and successively won the victories of revolution, construction and reform in China. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s success in the historical process of China’s revolution, construction and reform lies, in the final analysis, in his practice of Marxism and his persistence in taking Marxism as the guidance.

　　The realization of the value of scientific theory is concrete and historical. Whether an ideological theory is feasible or not and whether it has truth should be tested and answered in concrete practice. Looking back on the glorious history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) since its founding, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that since the guidance of Marxism, the spiritual world of China people has changed from passive to active, and the face of China revolution has taken on a new look. At the same time, it is not difficult to find that what really guides and promotes the development of China revolution is not dogmatic and bookish Marxism, but Marxism that has realized the development of China times. Historically, the mistakes in treating Marxism with bookishness and dogmatism have caused great losses to the party and the revolutionary cause. Practice has repeatedly proved that any scientific theory can only be applied in concrete practice and combined with concrete practice, so as to show and play the truth value of guiding and promoting the development of practice. Marxism has guided and promoted the development of revolution, construction and reform in China just because it has realized the development of China era.

　　The unity of truth and value is conditional. The practical activities of human beings are always restricted by the scale of truth and value. If any practical activity is to succeed, it is necessary to respect the law and act according to the truth, but also to respect the practice and act according to the actual needs, so as to achieve the unity of regularity and purpose. Practice itself is a condition for the unity of truth and value. Marxism is science and truth, and it works in practice, but its "action" needs to be promoted and verified by practice, which has certain conditions and cannot be realized spontaneously. In China, the key to Marxism’s "action" lies in that it has found the Communist Party of China (CPC) as the subject of practice, been established as the guiding ideology of the Communist Party of China (CPC), been mastered and practiced by the Communist Party of China (CPC) people and the broad masses of the people, found the fundamental path of combining the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and realized the China and modern development.

　　2. Demonstrate the historical wisdom of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s century-long struggle.

　　At the conference to celebrate the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the Supreme Leader General Secretary summarized and reviewed the glorious course of the Party’s struggle for a hundred years, put forward the conclusion that "in the final analysis, it is because of the Marxist line", and profoundly expounded the dialectical relationship among "ability", "line" and "good". The Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress enriched and developed this thesis, and further emphasized that "it is a Marxist line of China modernization". It can be seen that the proposition of this thesis contains the historical vision and dialectical logic of examining the problem from the beginning, and embodies the historical wisdom of the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s century-long struggle, that is, insisting on theoretical innovation, adhering to the leadership of the party and adhering to the high unity of China road.

　　Insist on theoretical innovation. Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology for building the country and strengthening the country. The reason why the Communist Party of China (CPC) was able to lead the people to accomplish the arduous tasks that other political forces in China could not accomplish in their quest and exploration again and again lies in his persistence in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, keeping pace with the times, seeking truth and being pragmatic, persisting in combining the basic principles of Marxism with China’s concrete reality, and combining with Chinese excellent traditional culture, taking Marxist theory as a guide to action rather than dogma, forming one innovative theoretical achievement after another and realizing the China era of Marxism. Only by constantly promoting theoretical innovation and constantly guiding new practice with innovative theories can Marxism glow with more vitality and "do" forever.

　　Adhere to the leadership of the party. Adhere to the guidance of Marxism, we can’t treat Marxism abstractly and empty, and we can’t treat it as a slogan and label. Adhering to the guidance of Marxism in China, the most fundamental thing is to adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), because the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a party guided by Marxism, and Marxism is the theoretical banner and soul of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Therefore, adhering to the guidance of Marxism cannot be separated from adhering to the party’s leadership. Without adhering to the leadership of the party and adhering to Marxism as the guidance, it will become an empty talk.

　　Stick to the road of China. Socialism with Chinese characteristics Road is a road suitable for China’s national conditions, which the Communist Party of China (CPC) led the people of China, persisted in taking Marxism as the guide and explored after a long struggle. This road cannot be opened up without the leadership of the Party and the theoretical guidance of Marxism. Adhering to the guidance of Marxism and holding high the great banner of Marxism means strengthening road confidence and unswervingly adhering to the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. The successful development and continuous expansion of China Road is a vivid practice of "in the final analysis, it is a Marxist line with China modernization".

　　3. Clear the fundamental path for Marxism to really play its role.

　　As a scientific theory, Marxism has pointed out the direction for the development and progress of human society, and it is a powerful ideological weapon for us to understand the world, grasp the law, pursue the truth and transform the world. Whether Marxism can play a role in practice or not depends on whether it can be used to guide practice, whether it can combine the basic principles of Marxism with the specific national conditions and characteristics of the times, realize the localization and modernization of Marxism, and whether it can be mastered by the people as a theoretical weapon.

　　Marxism can only be "done" if it is applied in practice. As a scientific theory, Marxism can only shine the light of truth and play a guiding role in practice if it is applied in practice. Marxism can’t be "done" if it is just shelved or stuck in rhetoric. An important and fundamental reason why Marxism is "popular" in China lies in that Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology for building the Party and the country, which was held high by the Communist Party of China (CPC) as the ideological banner, and the Party constantly promoted the modernization of Marxism in China and used it to guide practice.

　　Marxism can only be "done" if it is localized and modernized. Marxism has the theoretical character of keeping pace with the times. It does not end the truth, but opens the way to the truth, which must be constantly developed with the development of the times, practice and science. Engels profoundly pointed out: "Marx’s whole world outlook is not a doctrine, but a method. What it provides is not a ready-made dogma, but a starting point for further research and a method for such research. " Only by realizing the localization and modernization of Marxism can we solve specific problems in different countries, different nationalities and different times and be proved to be "feasible". The reason why Marxism "works" in China lies in the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s persistent combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, persistent use of the "arrow" of Marxism to shoot the "purpose" of China, persistent use of Marxist world outlook and methodology to observe, interpret and lead the times, grasp the development requirements of the times and understand the general trend of the times.

　　Marxism can only be "done" if it is mastered by the people. Marxism is a theory that comes from, for and for the benefit of the people, and the people’s nature is the essential attribute of Marxism. To play a role in practice, Marxism should not only become a theoretical form close to the times and practice, but also master the people as the main body of practice and become the theoretical guide and action program of the people. History is created by the people, and the people are the real masters of history. Without the practical application of the people, Marxism cannot be a powerful theoretical weapon to transform the world, let alone a great force to create history. Only when Marxism is mastered by the masses of the people and becomes an expert in starting a business, can it glow with great practical power. This means that every step forward in theoretical innovation will be followed by theoretical armed forces. Arming the people with scientific theory and promoting the popularization of Marxism is an important follow-up of Marxism.

　　4. Point out the direction of strengthening the party’s own construction and promoting the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　Grasping the close internal logical relationship among "ability", "behavior" and "goodness" is of great significance for promoting the development of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause and strengthening the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s self-construction in the new era. From the level of guiding ideology and theoretical innovation, the focus is on the following aspects.

　　Firm in theory and self-confidence. Looking back on the modern history of China, we can find that the fate of Marxism is closely linked with the fate of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the fate of China people and the fate of the Chinese nation. Its scientific nature and truth have been fully tested in China, its popularity and practicality have been fully implemented in China, and its openness and modernity have been fully demonstrated in China. It is completely correct for history and people to choose Marxism, and it is completely correct for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to write Marxism on his own banner. It is completely correct to adhere to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and constantly promote the modernization of Marxism in China. To embark on a new journey, unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in China to build a socialist modernization power in an all-round way, realize the goal of the second century, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese modernization, we must strengthen our theoretical confidence in Marxism.

　　Promoting theory and strengthening the party. As a Marxist political party, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has made mutual achievements with Marxist theory. On the one hand, since its founding, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has insisted on Marxism as the fundamental guiding ideology, armed the whole party with Marxist theory and regarded Marxism as an ace in the hole. On the other hand, the Communist Party of China (CPC) attached great importance to building the Party with thought and strengthening the Party with theory, treated science with a scientific attitude, pursued truth with the spirit of truth, constantly promoted the innovation and development of Marxism, and constantly formed the theoretical achievements of Marxism’s modernization in China. It is the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s distinctive political character and strong political advantage to have the guidance of Marxist scientific theory. To promote party building, we must unswervingly arm the whole party with the latest achievements of Marxism and promote party building with theory.

　　Enhance the sense of action. Adhere to the guidance of Marxism, and finally put it into practice. In contemporary China, adhering to the guidance of Marxism must fall on studying the major theoretical and practical problems faced by China’s development and our party’s governance, putting forward correct ideas and effective methods to solve problems, and enhancing the consciousness of applying theory, development theory and innovation theory. We should firmly grasp the world outlook and methodology of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, adhere to and make good use of the standpoints and methods that run through it, adhere to the people’s supremacy, self-confidence, self-reliance, integrity and innovation, problem-oriented, systematic concept, and mind the world, and constantly improve our ability of strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, systematic thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking and bottom-line thinking, so as to properly deal with complicated actual situations.